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Drug Mech Test 3 > Anticoagulants > Flashcards

Anticoagulants Flashcards

1
Q

ITI or DTI?

Heparin

A

Indirect thrombin inhibitors

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2
Q

ITI or DTI?

Dabigatran

A

Direct thrombin inhibitor

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3
Q

What drug class is Fondaparinux in?

A

Indirect Factor Xa inhibitors

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4
Q

What drug class is Rivaroxaban in?

A

Direct Factor Xa inhibitors

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5
Q

What drug class is Warfarin in?

A

Vitamin K Antagonists

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6
Q

Which two genes are polymorphisms common in with Warfarin?

A

CYP2C9 and VKORC1

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7
Q

Fibrinolytic or Antifibrinolytic?

Streptokinase

A

Fibrinolytic

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8
Q

Streptokinase is a protein derived from which type of bacteria?

A

Streptococci

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9
Q

Fibrinolytic or Antifibrinolytic?

Urokinase

A

Fibrinolytic

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10
Q

Urokinase is a human enzyme synthesized by what organ?

A

kidney

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11
Q

Urokinase directly converts plasminogen to active ________

A

plasmin

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12
Q

Where is plasmin formed?

A

inside the thrombus

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13
Q

What are the plasminogen activators (t-PA)?

A

Alteplase
Reteplase
Tenecteplase

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14
Q

Plasminogen can be activated by….?

A

t-PA

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15
Q

What is aspirin?

A

Antiplatelet agent

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16
Q

What drug class is clopidogrel in?

A

thienopyridine

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17
Q

What bioactivates clopidogrel?

A

CYP2C19

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18
Q

Which class of drug can reduce the enzymatic activity of CYP2C19?

A

Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs)

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19
Q

What is the best PPI a patient on clopidogrel can use?

A

pantoprazole

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20
Q

What drug class is Ticagrelor in?

A

Cyclopentrltriazolopyrimidine

21
Q

Ticagrelor is an inhibitor of…?

A

CYP3A4

22
Q

Name the GP IIb/IIIa receptor antagonists

A

Abciximab
Eptifibatide
Tirofiban

23
Q

What drug class is Vorapaxar in?

A

PAR-1 antagonists

24
Q

What is dypyridamole?

A

antiplatelet

25
Q

What is the antidote for heparin?

A

protamine sulfate

26
Q

Is heparin strongly acidic or basic?

A

acidic

27
Q

HMWH has a high affinity for binding to….?

A

antithrombin

28
Q

HMWH inhibits blood coagulation by inhibiting both….?

A

thrombin and factor Xa

29
Q

LMWH has an affinity for binding to….?

A

antithrombin but lower affinity that HMWH

30
Q

LMWH inhibits…?

A

clotting factor Xa but has less effect on thrombin

31
Q

Does Dabigatran have a shorter or longer half-life than Warfarin?

A

shorter

32
Q

Which antiplatelet is a potent competitive and reversible DTI?

A

Dabigatran

33
Q

Which drug is a synthetic analog of the pentasaccharide sequence of heparin?

A

Fondaparinux

34
Q

Does Rivaroxaban have a shorter or longer half-life than warfarin?

A

shorter

35
Q

The only common adverse effect of rivaroxaban is…?

A

bleeding

36
Q

Which enantiomer of warfarin is more potent? R or S?

A

S-Warfarin is 3-5 times more potent than R-Warfarin

37
Q

What increases the anticoagulant effect of warfarin by its effect on platelet function?

A

aspirin

38
Q

What increases the anticoagulant effect of warfarin by inhibiting the activity of several clotting factors and directly prolonging the prothrombin time?

A

heparin

39
Q

What increases the anticoagulant effect of warfarin by eliminating the bacterial microflora that produce vitamin K in the intestine, and also by directly inhibiting vitamin K epoxide reductase enzyme?

A

third generation cephalosporins

40
Q

What increases the anticoagulant effect of warfarin by inhibiting the synthesis of clotting factors in the liver?

A

hepatic disease

41
Q

What increases the anticoagulant effect of warfarin by increasing the turnover rate (degradation) of clotting factors?

A

Hyperthyroidism

42
Q

What decreases the anticoagulant effect of warfarin by increasing the synthesis of clotting factors?

A

vitamin K

43
Q

What decreases the anticoagulant effect of warfarin by increasing the concentration of clotting factors in the general circulation?

A

diuretics

44
Q

What decreases the anticoagulant effect of warfarin by decreasing the turnover rate of clotting factors?

A

hypothyroidism

45
Q

What can alter the anticoagulant effect of warfarin as a result of mutational change of vitamin K epoxide reducatase enzyme?

A

variations in the VKORC1 gene

46
Q

Which t-PA has the longest half-life?

A

Tenecteplase

47
Q

What drug is made from animal origin?

A

heparin

48
Q

What are the anti-fibrinolytics?

A

Aminocaproic acid and

Tranexamic acid

Drug Mech Test 3 (3 decks)

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