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3 PHARM SELF > Anticoagulant > Flashcards

Anticoagulant Flashcards

1
Q

What is the main outcome of the intrinsic and the extrinsic pathway?

A

activation of prothrombin to thrombin

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2
Q

What does 5HT cause at sight of wound? TXA2? ADP?

A
  1. vasoconstriction 2. platelet activation 3. Allows clumping
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3
Q

What does epithelial cells produce to suppress platelet aggregation?

A

PGI2

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4
Q

What measures the intrinsic pathway?

A

PTT

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5
Q

What measures the extrinsic pathway?

A

PT

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6
Q

What factors does Active Protein C block?

A

V and VIII

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7
Q

What does TFPI block? Antithrombin?

A
  1. Factor VII 2. Thrombin and X
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8
Q

What is the INR equation? What is normal? High? Low?

A 
(PT patient/ PT mean-normal)^ISI
[ISI= international sensitivity index issured to manufactured tissue factors]
Normal=.9-1.3
High= 4 or 5-->bleeding
Low=.5--> clotting
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9
Q

Does arterial thrombosis or venous thrombosis primarily involve platelet deposition?

A

Arterial does. Venous is mainly fibrin.

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10
Q

What is clopidogrel activated by? prasugrel?

A
  1. CYP2C19 2. Hydrolysis (more effective in most people)
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11
Q

What 2 things does platelet IIb/IIIa receptor function as a receptor for?

A
  1. FIBRINOGEN AND VITRONECTIN

2. FIBRINOGEN AND VON WILLEBRAND

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12
Q

How is glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors administered? Heparin?

A

Parenterally

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13
Q

What factors does Heparin inhibit? by doing what?

A

IIA, IXa, and Xa By activating antithombin

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14
Q

How many daltons is low molecular weight?

A

7000

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15
Q

Where must you never administer heparin?

A

Never administer intramuscularly

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16
Q

What is HIT?

A

heparin induced thrombocytopenia- systemic hypercoaguable state in patients treated with UFH heparin for 7 days

17
Q

T or F–high molecular weight heparin binds to platelets with high affinity and low molecular weight binds to ATIII with low affinity?

A

False– the affinities are opposite but binding is true

18
Q

What is the saturable mechanism for heparin removal? unsaturable?

A
  1. reticuloendothelial system

2. renal excretion

19
Q

Does protamine reverse the effect of fondaparinux? What chem structures are added to fondaparinux?

A
  1. No although it does in an incomplete way to other LMWHs

2. pentasacc. with added methyl groups

20
Q

What factors is vitamin K needed for?

A

II, VII, IX, X, C, and S INHIBITS SYNTHESIS NOT DEGRADATION

21
Q

What is warfarin cleared by?

A

cleared by liver and kidney

22
Q

Does warfarin interact with a lot of drugs?

A

Yes and diets and disease states

23
Q

is there any definitive evidence supporting the exclusive use of any fibrinolytic agent?

A

No–all agents induce a lytic state which may lead to bleeding

24
Q

What takes fibrin to fibrin degradation products?

A

Plasmin

25
Q

What thrombolytic has the longest half life? shortest?

A
  1. streptokinase

2. TPA

3 PHARM SELF (13 decks)

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