Anticipatory rise and Redistribution of Blood

Question 1

What is the definition of anticipatory rise?

Answer 1

An increase in heart rate prior to exercise caused by the release of adrenaline

Question 2

Why do skeletal muscles have an increase in blood flow during exercise?

Answer 2

Muscles need nutritients/oxygen for respiration

Question 3

Why does the skin have an increase in blood flow during exercise?

Answer 3

To remove heat gained during exercise by evaporation/radiation of sweat

Question 4

Why do kidneys have a decrease in blood flow during exercise?

Answer 4

Skeletal muscles take priority over creating waste

Question 5

Why does the liver/gut have an decrease in blood flow during exercise?

Answer 5

Skeletal muscles take priority over digestion

Question 6

Why does the brain have no change in blood flow during exercise?

Answer 6

Brain function needs to be maintained during exercise and at rest because cognitive thought in the brain requires oxygen

Question 7

Why does blood flow (without vasodilation) increase to the heart/coronary vessels during exercise?

Answer 7

Increased heart rate/cardiac output/stroke volume because the heart needs extra oxygen/nutrients

Question 8

What are the steps in how blood flow is regulated?

Answer 8

1. The nervous system is activated due to changing carbon dioxide levels
2. Increase in carbon dioxide is detected by chemoreceptors in the blood vessels
3. A nerve impulse is sent is sent to the medulla oblongata as part of the vasomotor in the brain
4. Adrenaline is released

Question 9

How does blood shunting occur in vasoconstriction and vasodilation? And where else does blood shunting occur?

Answer 9

VC - Increased sympathetic impulses - contract to reduce lumen size
VD - Decreased sympathetic impulses - relax to widen lumen size
Also occurs in the arterioles and pre-capillary sphinters