Anticholinergics Flashcards
Propantheline bromide
Use: urinary incontinence, peptic ulcer disease
Adverse: decreased gastric motility, decreased effect of vagus nerve
Considerations: give 30 min before meals, hs ≥2h after meal
Atropine sulfate
Use: bradycardia
mydriasis, pre-op to dry secretions
Adverse effects: tachycardia, angina
HA, blurred vision, dizziness, mydriasis (dilation of pupil)
Insomnia, dry mouth, urinary retention
Considerations:
Give 30 min before meals if PO. Have pt expect dry mouth, increased respiration/HR
Check h/o glaucoma, asthma, HTN
Monitor I&O, orientation. Ensure voids before taking.
Avoid heat (decreased perspiration)
ANTIDOTE: PHYSOSTIGMINE SALICYLATE
Iprotroprium (+/- albuterol)
Tiotropium
Use: bronchospasms and long-term tx of asthma
Adverse; dry mouth, irritation of pharynx
Considerations:
Iprotropium administered as aerosol or in nebulizer
Tiotropium administered in powder form by HandiHaler
Benztropine
Trihexyphenydil
Use: PARKINSON’S
Adverse: urinary retention, blurred vision, dry mouth, constipation
Considerations: increase fluids, bulk foods and exercise
Taper before discontinuation
Orthostatic hypotension precautions
Scopolamine
Used for motion sickness, vertigo, mydriasis, pre-op to dry secretions
Adverse: urinary retention, blurred vision, dry mouth, constipation, confusion/sedation
Considerations: CONTRA in acute angle glaucoma
Anticholinergic - general actions/indications
Actions: competes with Acetylcholine at receptor sites in ANS
Causes relaxation of ciliary muscles (cycloplegia) and dilation of pupil (mydriasis)
Causes bronchodilator and decreases bronchial secretions
Decreases mobility and GI secretions
Indications:
Atropine - bradycardia, mydriasis for ophthalmic examine, pre-op to dry secretions
Scopolamine - motion sickness, vertigo, mydriasis for ophthalmic exam, prep to dry secretions
Adverse effects: blurred vision, dry mouth, urinary retention, changes in HR
Considerations; monitor for urinary retention
CONTRA glaucoma
