Anticancer: Hormones And Small Molecules

Question 1

Flutamide

Answer 1

Anti androgen

Inhibits action of testosterone on prostate cancer

Question 2

Goseraline

Answer 2

GNRH analogue
Where GNRH is applied continuously and not in pulses, it actually inhibits LH and FSH production, slowing prostate cancer
= biochemical castration

Question 3

Trastuzumab

Answer 3

Anti-HER2 humanised antibody
HER2 overexpressed in 30% breast cancer
IV administration.
Do not coadministered with anthracyclines due to cardiotoxicity

Question 4

Bevacizumab

Answer 4

Anti-VEGF humanised antibody
Inhibits angiogenesis, limiting tumour growth to mms
Used in non small cell lung cancer and breast cancer
Coadminister with 5-fluorouracil for colorectal cancer
Side effects: decreased wound healing, increase blood pressure

Question 5

Erlotinib

Answer 5

Orally administered anti EGF tyrosine kinase
Used in advanced non small cell lung cancer NSCLC
Side effects: skin rashes, diarrhoea

Question 6

Imantinib

Answer 6

Anti BCL-ABL protein kinase (a constituently active tyrosine kinase in chronic and blast phases) in chronic myeloid leukaemia patients with Philadelphia chromosome mutation

Question 7

Tamoxifen

Answer 7

Inhibits estrogen receptor in the mammary gland with less affinity than estrogen
ER-tamoxifen complex inhibits development and growth
Side effects: estrogen agonist in bone and uterus
Toremifene = non estrogen side effects