Antibody tests after Covid-19 disease

Question 1

What can be analyzed by microarray technologies?

Answer 1

Microarray technologies for body fluid analysis: antibody profiling, protein profiling, etc.

Question 2

What are planar microarrays?

Answer 2

Microarrays for antibody detection: microscopic slides, 21 samples per slide, used for human antigens, usage of primary and secondary antibodies to detect target protein

Question 3

What are bead-based microarrays?

Answer 3

Magnetic color-coded beads, can be used for human, viral & bacterial antigens, 384 antigens per assay (much more than planar microarrays)

Question 4

Why use serologic analysis for Covid-19 and what are the benefits?

Answer 4

Why:
• to find out which individuals have been infected by SARS-CoV-2
• evaluate vaccine trials
Benefits:
• ensure who has already had the disease
• investigate how long after infection antibody response persists
• prioritize those in need of vaccines

Question 5

What do previously infected Covid-19 patients have that non-infected persons don’t Ig wise?

Answer 5

They have much more IgG (specific high affinity Ig)

Question 6

What are 2 types of serological tests?

Answer 6

Point of Care (one at a time):
- Lateral flow assays
- At home testing
=> quality of test not very good

Lab analyses (100-400 simultaneously):
- ELISA
- Luminex
=> much better quality and sample size but need lab

Question 7

What can a bead-based multiplex analysis of immune response against Covid-19 show?

Answer 7

Using different proteins of the virus to see which one the antibodies react to the most (proteins react the most => spike proteins, peptides not so much)

This technology has perfect specificity and very high sensitivity