ANTIBODY STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION Flashcards
surface markers that remain
on the cell surface throughout the subsequent developmental stages
CD19, CD24 and
CD45R
found in the serum portion of the
blood
GLYCOPROTEIN
What is the composition of immunoglobulin?
82-96 % - protein
2-14% - carbohydrates
a screening tool in CC used to detect clinical conditions or different diseases
serum electrophoresis
In what region you can see immunoglobulin/antibodies - serum electrophoresis
Gamma region
What is the material we can use in serum electrophoresis
- cellulose acetate
What is the recommended pH if we use cellulose acetate in alkaline?
8.6
What is the recommended pH if we use cellulose acetate in acidic?
6-6.3
Immunoglobulins play an essential role during _______ and in biological activities
related to immune response such as
_________
- “Antigen
recognition” - “opsonization” and “complement
activation”
which pathway is connected in antibody dependent
classical pathway
which pathway is connected in antibody independent
- alternative pathway
- lectin
What is GAMED
IgG, IgA, IgM, IgE, IgD
The most abundant protein within the serum electrophoresis
Albumin
Slowest protein from serum electrophoresis
Beta globulin
What are the proteins under Alpha 1 globulin
alpha-1 antitrypsin and alpha
ketoproteins
What are the proteins under Alpha 2 globulin
ceruloplasmin,
haptoglobin, and alpha-2 macroglobulin.
What are the proteins under Beta globulin
transferrin, hemopexin,
complement system, fibrinogen and
lipoproteins.
What are the lipoproteins that we
have?
HDL (high density
lipoproteins), LDL (low density
lipoproteins), and VLDL (very lowdensity lipoproteins).
abnormal pattern in beta globulin
Beta gamma bridging
Beta gamma bridging is
associated with_____
liver cirrhosis.
spike pattern or toll-like spike in
the gamma regions
multiple myeloma
What is the protein in urine found in patients having multiple myeloma
bence jones proteins
bence jone proteins precipitate at ____ and they will dissolve in ____.
- 60 C
- 80 C
What are the 4 polypeptide chain in TETRAPEPTIDE STRUCTURE
two large chains
called heavy or H chains and two smaller chains called light or L chains
These chains are held together by noncovalent forces and ______
DISULFIDE BOND
Who described the Structure of Immunoglobulins
Gerald Edelman and Rodney Porter
DISULFIDE BOND also known as
DISULFIDE INTERCHANGE
BRIDGES
What does “S” mean in 7S
Svedberg unit
Edelman used _____ urea to unfold the molecule
7M or 7 molar
What is the reducing agent used to cleaved the exposed sulfhydryl bonds
2-mercapthoethanol or mercapthoethanol
What are the two separate fractions obtained in ultracentrifugation?
- 3.5 Svedberg unit
- 2.2 S
What is the molecular weight of 3.5 S?
50,000 daltons
What is the molecular weight of 2.2 S?
22,000 daltons
Gerald Edelman and Rodney porter won what award?
Nobel Prize in physiology and medicine in 1972
Papain digestion is associated with
Rodney Porter
used pepsin to obtain additional evidence for the structure of immunoglobulins
Alfred Nisonoff
have the ability in antigen-binding
capacity
Fab fragment
FAB fragment of papain digestion
composed of one light chain and 1/2 of heavy chain
FC fragment of papain digestion
two halves of heavy chain
Papain digestion composed of 3 fragments
- 2 FAB
- 1 FC