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Cellular Composition > Antibody:Antigen interactions > Flashcards

Antibody:Antigen interactions Flashcards

1
Q

Is the innate immune system specific?

A

No, it is non-specific

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2
Q

Is the adaptive immune system specific?

A

Yes

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3
Q

Are antibodies part of the innate or adaptive immune system?

A

Adaptive

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4
Q

How many immunoglobulin domains are there?

A

12

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5
Q

Describe the basic structure of antibodies

A
  • Made up of 4 polypeptide chains
  • 2 light chains, 2 heavy chains
  • 4 interchain disulfide bonds
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6
Q

Which enzyme can cleave antibodies?

A

Papain

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7
Q

What are the two regions papain cleaves antibodies into?

A

Fab and Fc

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8
Q

What is the function of the Fab section of antibodies?

A

Binds to antigen

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9
Q

What is the function of the Fc section of antibodies?

A

Binds to receptors on the surface of specialised cells

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10
Q

What is the structure of the domains of the antibody?

A

They are all Beta sandwiches

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11
Q

How many types of light chain are there?

A

2

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12
Q

How many types of heavy chain are there?

A

5

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13
Q

How many classes of antibody are there?

A

5

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14
Q

How many of the Ig domains have hypervariable regions?

A

2

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15
Q

What is the advantage of antibodies cross-linking antigens?

A
  • Increases the molecular weight
  • Produces a large aggregrate pulled out of solution
  • Allows this to be recognised by the immune system
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16
Q

Where are the hypervariable regions located on antibodies?

A

On the tips of the Fab regions

17
Q

What is the range of KDs between antibodies and antigens?

A

From 10-7 to 10-11 M

18
Q

What does the Fc region allow?

A

For binding to be easily detected

19
Q

How are specific antibodies produced?

A
  • By injecting an animal with the protein of interest
  • Blood serum is collected a few weeks later
  • The serum will contain the antibodies to the protein
20
Q

Outline how antibodies can be used in a Western blot

A
  • A mixture of proteins is separated according to their molecular weight using gel electrophoresis
  • The antibody is added to the gel then washed with buffer, it only binds to the protein of interest
  • The signal from the reporter molecule is deteced and indicates the prescence of protein
21
Q

Give an advantage of Western blots

A

They can be used to detect tiny amounts of protein

Cellular Composition (15 decks)

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