Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Nobody cares about this class > Antibodies and Complements > Flashcards

Antibodies and Complements Flashcards

1
Q

features of antibodies

A
  1. bind variety of antigens
  2. exquisite discrimination of similar antigens
  3. bind antigens strongly
  4. recognize antigens in native form
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

functions of antibodies

A
  1. opsonization
  2. complement fixation
  3. direct neutralization
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

opsonization

A

tag microbes for phagocytosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

complement fixation

A

recruit complement system to destroy microbes or infected cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

direct neutralization

A

bind toxins in the blood/facilitate removal of toxins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what prevents bacteria from adhering to cell wall

A

direct neutralization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is the major Ig in serum?

A

IgG (70-75% of all Ig)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

function of IgG

A
  1. provide neonatal immunity
  2. role in immune memory
  3. is basic structure for all Ig’s
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what Ig is less than 1% of circulating Ig’s

A

IgD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

function of IgD

A

major component of B-cell surface (B-cell receptor)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

function of IgE

A
  1. kills parasites
  2. contributes to allergic reactions
  3. activates mast cells, causes release of inflammatory granules
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what Ig is on surface of basophils and mast cells

A

IgE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what Ig is most abundant in mouth (when no infection present)?

A

IgA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

IgA

A

secreted into saliva

usually a dimer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what Ig is most abundant in mouth (when infection is present)?

A

IgG

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is the first secreted antibody in response to an antigen?

A

IgM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

IgM

A

exists as a pentamer of Ig cells

can class shift from IgM -> IgG**

18
Q

antibodies?

A

IgG, IgA, IgM, IgE, IgD

i always just remember GAMED

19
Q

complement system

A

part of the immune system that enhances (complements) the ability of antibodies and phagocytic cells to clear pathogens from an organism

20
Q

complement system contributes to:

A
  1. inflammatory reactions
  2. chemotaxis
  3. clearance of immune complexes
  4. cellular activation
  5. antimicrobial defenses
21
Q

central component

A

C3

22
Q

later components

A

[C5], [C6, C7, C8] [C9]

23
Q

proenzyme

A

inactive enzyme (activated via proteolytic cleavage)

many complement factors are proenzymes

24
Q

complement opsonization

A
  1. complement fragments coat surface of target
  2. induce phagocytosis

3, complement receptors ON phagocytic cells mediate phagocytosis

25
Q

complements involved in opsonization

A

C3b, iC3b, C4b

26
Q

complement chemotaxis

A
  1. small fragments of complements form concentration gradient
  2. stimulate immune cells to move towards infection
27
Q

complements involved in chemotaxis

A

C5a and C3a

28
Q

complement lysis of target cells

A

activation results in MAC (membrane attack complex)

29
Q

function of MAC (membrane attack complex)

A

causes holes in cell membrane to cause lysis

30
Q

complements involved in lysis

A

C5b (specifically critical for cytolysis)

31
Q

complement activators

A
  1. classical pathway activators

2. alternative pathway activators

32
Q

which complement activator creates antibody/antigen complexes?

A

classical pathway activators

33
Q

which complement activator works on microbial cell walls?

A

alternative pathway activators

34
Q

which complement activator is from IgG and IgM?

A

classical pathway activators

35
Q

which complement activator is adaptive immune response?

A

classical pathway activator

36
Q

which complement activator is innate immune response?

A

alternative pathway activator

37
Q

steps of classical pathway activators

A
  1. Activated C1 cleaves C2 and C4, forming C4b2a
  2. C4b2a is classical C3 convertase
  3. C4b2a3b is classical C5 convertase
  4. goes on to cleave C5
  5. phagocytosis, activation of late complement, inflammation induction
38
Q

steps of alternative pathway activators

A
  1. C3 cleaves sponatneously to C3a and C3b
  2. C3b covalently binds to cell surface
    • if self it becomes C3bH (deactivated by factor I)
    • if microbe becomes C3bB (cleaved by factor D to become C3bBb)
  3. goes on to cleave C5
  4. phagocytosis activation of late complement, inflammation induction
39
Q

what is required for initiation of MAC?

A

C5b

40
Q

what forms a pipe that is critical to MAC?

A

Poly-C9 (5 C9’s)

41
Q

what is the alternative pathway to C3 convertase within alternative pathway activators?

A

C3bBb

Nobody cares about this class (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions