Antibodies Flashcards
Other term for antibodies
Immunoglobulins
End stage reaction of Humoral Immune Response
Antibody production
Type of immune response wherein antibody production occurs
Humoral Immune Response
Same with antibody classes; Lies on the heavy chain structure of the antibody
Isotype
Represents the genetically determined differences in the antibodies between individuals specifically in the amino acid sequence in the constant region
Allotype
Pertains to the variable region of the antibody
Idiotype
Recognizes different specific epitope present
Idiotype
Heavy Chain’s site of synthesis
Chromosome 14
Kappa Light Chain’s site of synthesis
Chromosome 2
Lambda Light Chain’s site of synthesis
Chromosome 22
Found between CH1
and CH2 – flexible region of the
antibody so that it can squeeze through the tissues
Hinge Region
A glycoprotein that is responsible for linking or bridging monomers together; Found in antibodies consist of 2 or more monomers
J Chain (Joining chain)
Two terminal regions of Immunoglobulins
- Carboxyterminal
- Aminoterminal
This bond holds light and heavy chains together
Covalent disulfide bonds
This links heavy chains together
Disulfide linkages
Four polypeptide chains of antibody
- 2 identical light chains
- 2 identical heavy chains
This terminal region dictates the allotype
Carboxyterminal
This is where the crystallizable fragment (Fc) is located (constant region)
Carboxyterminal
This terminal region determines the idiotype; variable region is located
Aminoterminal
This specifically binds to the epitope of the antigen
Hypervariable portion of the variable region
Varying antibody specificity
Aminoterminal
Treatment with PAPAIN will produce which fragments?
1 Fc fragment
2 Fab fragment
Fc fragment when treated with papain are involved in the following Ig biologic function:
▪ Involve in Complement Fixation
▪ Placental transfer of antibodies
▪ Binding site for cells
What happens to 2 Fab fragments when antibody is treated with Papain?
Fab fragments cannot agglutinate/precipitate but still able of antigen binding.
Treatment with Pepsin will produce which fragments?
2 Fab fragments
What happens to Fc fragments when antibody is treated with Pepsin?
The Fc fragment is digested
True or False:
In pepsin treatment of antibody, The two Fab fragments has two antigen combining sites (Bivalent), therefore, it is capable of antigen binding, precipitation and agglutination.
True
How many domains of immunoglobulin are there?
Five domains
What are the domains of immunoglobulins
- Variable region
- CH2
- CH3
- CL
- Hinge Region
In domains of immunoglobulin, which domain is Responsible for the specificity of the antibody?
Variable region
In domains of immunoglobulin, which domain binds with complement?
Constant Heavy Chain 2 (CH2)
What antibodies are involved in the activation of Classical Pathway?
IgG and IgM
In domains of immunoglobulin, which domain responsible for Cytotropic reaction?
Constant Heavy Chain 3 (CH3)
This domain connects with receptors on cell membrane
Constant Heavy Chain 3 (CH3)
This domain is either Kappa or Lambda
Constant Light Chain
Percentage of Kappa Antibody Light chain
65%
Percentage of Lambda Antibody Light chain
35%
This domain is found between the CH1 and CH2 type of
antibody
Hinge Region
Which complement protein does CH2 bind?
C1 specifically C1q
The domain where Fab portion is located – the binding site of the
epitope of antigens
Variable region
Why is flexibility important for Antibody?
It enables them to squeeze through or penetrate to the membrane
Which amino acid is attributed to the flexibility of the antibody?
Proline
