Antibiotics/HIV Flashcards
1
Q
Penicillin is used to treat ______ spectrum infections
A
Penicillin is used to treat BROAD SPECTRUM infections such as Ear and Throat infections.
2
Q
What type of antibiotic is penicillin
A
Beta-Lactam antibiotic
3
Q
What can you add with penicillin to make it more effective - why might you need this
A
Clavulanic Acid
Why- Some bacteria produce enzymes that deactivate beta lactams in penicillin making them resistant… Clavulanic acid blocks that process
4
Q
Prototype for penicillin
A
Amoxicillin
5
Q
Expected pharmacological action of amoxicillin
A
Weaken and destroy bacterial cell walls by
1.) Inhibiting transpeptidase (needed for cell wall formation)
2.) Activating autolysin (Enzyme that opens the cell wall during replication)
6
Q
Is amoxicillin bacteriostatic or bacteriocidal
Against what type of bacteria?
A
Bacteriocidal against many aerobic gram-positive and some aerobic gram-negative bacteria
7
Q
Adverse drug reactions of amoxicillin
What should be assessed before the administration of penicillin?
A
1.) GI upset (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea)
2.) Super infections (Candida, C. dif)
3.) Allergic Reactions (Rash, hives, anaphylaxis)
Always assess allergies before admission; anaphylaxis can occur
8
Q
Interventions for Amoxicillin
A
1.) Monitor for GI symptoms (Take with food to reduce mild effects)
2.) Monitor for allergies
3.) For IM and IV administration- Monitor for 30 minutes post injection
9
Q
Client instructions for amoxicillin
A
1.) Report severe diarrhea (Bloody or watery)
2.) Take with meals to reduce GI symptoms
3.) Pain, Inability to eat, trouble breathing
4.) Vaginal itching/discharge
5.) Call 911 for wheezing airway, airway closure, trouble breathing
10
Q
Contraindications/Precautions for Amoxicillin
A
Contraindications
1.) Known penicillin allergy
2.) Hypersensitivity to Procaine or Benzathine
Precautions
1.) Severe renal impairments (Dose may need to be adjusted)
11
Q
Interactions for Penicillin
A
Oral contraceptives- May reduce effectiveness; use alternate birth control
12
Q
Cephalosporins are _____________ antibiotics
A
Beta-Lactam antibiotics are similar in structure to penicillin
13
Q
Cephalosporins have a __________ spectrum effect
A
BROAD SPECTRUM
14
Q
How are Cephalosporins classified?
A
Cephalosporins are classified by GENERATIONS from 1st Gen - 5th Gen
15
Q
What differentiates the Generations of Cephalosporins?
A
Each Generation of Cephalosporins has increased effectiveness against GRAM-NEGATIVE bacteria
- and have better resistance against BETA-LACTAMASE
16
Q
Prototype for Cephalosporins
A
Cephalexin (1st Gen)
17
Q
Cephalosporins all start with ______
A
CEF (Cefazolin, Cefoxitin, Cefotaxime)
18
Q
Expected pharmacological actions of Cephalosporins
Bacteriostatic or Bacteriocidal? Against what?
A
It works very similar to Penicillins by…
1.) Inhibiting transpeptidase (Cell wall formation)
2.) Activating Autolysin (weakening bacterial cell wall)
Bacteriocidal against Aeroibic GRAM-POSITIVE and GRAM-NEGATIVE
19
Q
Adverse Drug Reactions for Cephalosporins
A
1.) GI Upset (N/V, Diarrhea)
2.) C. Dif associated Diarrhea (severe cases)
3.) Allergic reactions (Rash, Hives, anaphylaxis)
20
Q
Cefotetan-specific adverse effects
A
1.) Increased Bleeding Risk
2.) Disulfiram-like reaction with alcohol
- Thrombophlebitis- IV site irritation
21
Q
What can BROAD SPECTRUM (Like Cephalosporins and Penicillin) antibiotics lead to?
A
C. diff overgrowth causing bloody stool and colon inflammation
22
Q
Cephalosporins interventions
A
1.) Monitor for CDAD (bloody stools, etc)
2.) Assess for allergies (If serious allergy to penicillin do not give cephalosporin)
3.) Monitor Prothombin Time/INR when giving cefotetan (Increased risk of bleeding, administer Vit. K PRN)
4.) IV administration (Monitor for thrombophlebitis (Infuse slowly)
5.) Monitor renal function
23
Q
Cephalosporin client instructions
A
1.) Report severe diarrhea (may indicate C. dif)
2.) Take before meals to minimize GI upset
3.) Stop medication and notify the provider if Rash, hives, or difficulty breathing occurs.
24
Q
Cephalosporin Contraindication/Precautions
A
Contraindication
1.) Allergic to Cephalosporins
2.) Severe penicillin allergy
Precautions
1.) Renal failure
25
Cephalosporin Interactions
Probenecid- Prolongs cephalosporin effects
26
Monobactams are _______ Spectrum antibiotics
What kind of bacteria do they attack?
NARROW SPECTRUM Beta-Lactam antibiotics
Used to treat AEROBIC GRAM-NEGATIVE
27
What kind of infections might you prescribe monobactams for?
Lower respiratory tract, Urinary tract, Abdominal, Gynecological infection
28
Because Monobactams don't have cross-reactivity with beta-lactam antibiotics, what does that mean?
Monobactams can be used as an option for someone who is allergic to penicillin
29
Monobactam Prototype
Aztreonam
30
Expected pharmacological actions of Monobactams
Are Monobactams bacteriostatic or bacteriocidal?
1.) Inhibit transpeptidase (Cell wall formation)
2.) Activate Autolysin (Leading to cell death)
BACTERIOCIDAL but only against AEROBIC GRAM-NEGATIVE bacteria
31
Adverse Drug Reactions of Monobactams
What to assess during Monobactam administration?
1.) IV site issues: Pain, Thrombophlebitis, Inflammation
2.) GI distress (N/V, Diarrhea)
3.) Super Infections (C.Dif overgrowth)
Assess for Anaphylaxis and bowel function during therapy
32
Monobactam interventions
1.) Monitor IV site for redness, swelling, and pain (Change site if needed)
2.) Monitor for C.Dif infections (Bloody, watery stool)
33
Monobactam Administration
1.) IM: Rotate injection sites
2.) IV: Administer slowly
34
Monobactam Client Instructions
Report pain, Redness, Swelling at IV site
35
Monobactam Contraindication/Precautions
Contraindications
1.) Hypersensitivity to Aztreonam
Precautions
1.) Renal Impairment (Adjust dose as needed)
2.) Older Adults (Increased risk of side effects)
36
Monobactam interactions
Incompatible with multiple IV medications - Always check compatibility charts before administration
37
Carbapenems are ________ spectrum antibiotics
What are they used for?
BROAD SPECTRUM Beta-Lactam antibiotics
Used for severe infections
38
When should we use Carbapenems?
When other antibiotics are ineffective to prevent resistance development
39
Carbapenems Prototype
Other important Carbapenems?
What is special about the route?
Imipenem + Cilastatin
Others: Meropenem
Route: IM or IV only (Not absorbed in GI tract)
40
Carbapenem Expected Pharmacological action
Bacteriocidal or Bacteriostatic
1.) Inhibit Transpeptidase (Cell wall formation)
2.) Activate Autolysin
BACTERIOCIDAL against Gram-positive cocci, Gram-negative bacilli, and Anaerobic bacteria
41
Carbapenem Adverse Reactions
1.) SEIZURES (Increased risk)
2.) GI issues (N/V, Diarrhea)
3.) Thrombophlebitis (IV site irritation)
4.) Allergic reactions (cross-sensitivity with Cephalosporins and Penicillin)
5.) Superinfections (Candida, C.Dif)
42
What is special about Carbapenem administration
Limit use to 10 days or less to prevent serious side effects
43
Carbepenem Interventions
1.) Administer IV slowly to reduce N/V
2.) Monitor IV site for Redness and swelling
3.) Monitor RENAL FUNCTION and SEIZURE HISTORY
44
Carbapenem Administration
IV: Infuse slowly to prevent GI Symptoms (N/V)
45
Client Instructions for Carbepenems
Report N/V during IV infusion
46
Carbapenems Contraindications/Precautions
Contraindications
1.) Penicillin or Carbapenem Allergy
2.) History of severe Cephalosporin Allergy
Precautions
1.) Seizure Disorder - May lower seizure threshold
2.) Renal Impairment
47
Vancomycin is a _____________ Antibiotic
Used to treat:
Non-Beta-Lactam Antibiotic
Used to treat:
1.) MRSA
2.) Gram-positive infections
3.) C.Dif (Oral form only)
4.) Patients with penicillin allergies
48
Vancomycin Protoype
Vancomycin
49
Vancomycin Expected Pharmacological Actions
Bacteriostatic or Bacteriocidal? Against what bacteria?
1.) Inhibits Transpeptidase (Cell wall formation)
2.) Activates Autolysin
BACTERIOCIDAL against GRAM-POSITIVE bacteria
50
Vancomycin Adverse Reactions
1.) Renal Failure (Major toxic Concern)
2.) Vancomycin Infusion Reaction (If infused too fast - Rash, Itching, Hypotension, Tachycardia, Flushing)
3.) Ototoxicity (Rare, usually reversible)
4.) IV site irritation (thrombophlebitis)
51
What do we need to monitor for while giving Vancomycin? How to assess
Renal Failure- Monitor Peak and Trough Levels and serum creatinine
52
Vancomycin Interventions
1.) Administer IV reaction over 60 minutes (Prevents infusion reaction)
2.) Monitor vital signs during infusion
3.) Check trough levels before next dose
4.) Monitor kidney function (BUN, Creatinine)
5.) Assess for Superinfections (D.dif, Candida)
6.) What for ototoxicity (Tinnitus, Vertigo, Hearing Loss)
53
Vancomycin Administration
1.) IV for systemic Infections (Administer over 60 minutes)
2.) Oral for C.Dif (not absorbed systemically)
54
Vancomycin Client Instructions
1.) Report facial flushing, dizziness, Dyspnea
2.) Monitor for signs of kidney issues (Low urine output, swelling)
3.) Report hearing loss, ringing in ears
55
Vancomycin Contraindications/Precautions
Contraindications
1.) Vancomycin Allergy
Precautions
1.) Renal Impairment
2.) Hearing Impairments
56
Vancomycin Interactions
Ototoxic/Nephrotoxic drugs (Aminoglycosides, NSAIDS, Loop diuretics)
57
Lipoglycopeptides are used against __________ bacterial infections
Lipoglycopeptides may be used for these types of infections:
GRAM POSITIVE
Used for Compliated skin infections and pneumonia (When Vancomycin is ineffective)
58
Lipoglycopeptide Prototype
Route?
Telavancin
Route: IV use only
59
Lipoglycopeptide Expected Pharmacological Action
What is it effective against?
Disrupt bacterial cell wall synthesis
Effective against MRSA and Vancomycin Resistance Strains
60
Lipoglycopeptide Adverse Reactions
Special considerations for Lipoglycopeptides?
1.) N/V
2.) Prolonged QT interval (Risk for fatal arrhythmias)
3.) Nephrotoxicity
4.) Infusion reaction (Similar to Vancomycin)
Black box warning: Increased mortality risk for people with moderate to severe renal impairment)
61
Lipoglycopeptide Interventions
1.) Monitor for infusion reactions (administer slowly)
2.) Check renal function (BUN, Creatinine) before administration
3.) Monitor ECG for QT prolongation
4.) Perform pregnancy test (Risk for fetal harm)
62
Lipoglycopeptide Administration
IV Only: Infuse slowly over 60 minutes
* Do not infuse to rapidly- It can cause infusion reaction
63
Lipoglycopeptide Client Instructions
1.) Report Rash, Hives, Skin color changes (Infusion reaction)
2.) Monitor for N/V, Diarrhea, Foamy Urine
3.) Women of childbearing age should use contraception
64
Lipoglycopeptide Contraindications/Precautions
Contraindications:
1.) Long QT syndrome
2.) Severe left ventricular hypertrophy
3.) Heart Failure
4.) Pregnancy
Precautions
1.) Renal impairment
2.) Concurrent use of IV Heparin
65
Lipoglycopeptide Interactions
1.) Anticoagulants (May alter coagulation lab results
2.) ACE Inhibitors, NSAIDS, Loop Diuretics (Increase nephrotoxicity risk)
3.) Flouroquinolones, Antipsychotics, SSRI's (Increase Arrythmia risk)
66
Tetracyclines are used to treat...
1.) Chlamydia, Mycoplasma, Rickettsial infections (Typhus, Rocky Mountain spotted fever
2.) Syphillis in penicillin allergic clients
67
Tetracycline Prototype
Other important tetracyclines?
Tetracycline
Doxycycline, Minocycline
68
Tetracycline Expected Pharmacological Action
Bacteriostatic or Bacteriocidal?
1.) Inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis by preventing tRNA binding
BACTERIOSTATIC
69
Tetracycline Adverse Reactions
1.) Permanently stained developing teeth
2.) Photosensitivity (Severe sunburn-like reactions)
3.) Superinfections
4.) GI Distress (N/V, Diarrhea, Abdominal pain)
5.) Liver toxicity
70
Tetracycline Interventions
1.) Give on empty stomach for better absorption
2.) Avoid dairy, calcium, antacids, and iron supplements (decreases effectiveness)
3.) Assess for liver dysfunction (Jaundice, fatigue, abdominal pain)
4.) Check for photosensitivity reactions
71
Tetracycline Administration
1.) Best on empty stomach, 1 hour before meals, 2 hours post meals
2.) Do not give before bed time (esophageal irritation)
72
Tetracycline Client Instructions
1.) Take on empty stomach with water
2.) Avoid dairy, antacids, and iron supplements within 2 hours of taking tetracycline
3.) Use sunscreen and protective clothing - High risk of sunburn
73
Tetracycline Contraindications/Precautions
Contraindications
1.) Pregnant clients
2.) Children under 8 years (Tooth discoloration)
Precautions
1.) Liver/Kidney Impairments
74
Tetracycline Interactions
1.) Dairy
2.) Calcium
3.) Iron
4.) Antacids
5.) Oral contraceptives - Reduced effectiveness
75
Macrolides are used to treat...
1.) Legionares disease, Whooping cough, Diptheria
2.) Neonatal eye infections (Opthalmic form)
76
Macrolide Prototype
Erythromycin
77
Macrolides Expected pharmacological action
1.) Inhibit bacterial protein sythesis
2.) Bacteriostatic (Inhibit growth)
78
Macrolides Adverse Drug Reactions
Macrolide Safety Alert
1.) GI upset (N/V, Diarrhea, ABD pain)
2.) QT prolongation (Fatal arrythmias)
3.) Ototoxicity (Hearing loss, Tinnitus, Vertigo)
4.) Superinfections (C.Dif)
Safety Alert: Increased Risk of cardiac arrythmias (Torsades de pointes)
79
Macrolide Intervention
1.) Monitor for GI distress
2.) Assess ECG for QT Prolongation
3.) Monitor for ototoxicity
4.) Check for superinfections
80
Macrolide Administration
1.) Take Erythromycin on an empty stomach (1 hr before or 2 hrs after meals)
2.) Drink with 8oz of water
81
Macrolide Client Instructions
Report heart palpitations, Fainting, or Dizziness
82
Macrolide Contraindications/Precautions
Contraindication
1.) History of long QT syndrome
Precautions
1.) Liver Disease
2.) Electrolyte imbalances (Hypokalemia, Hypomagnesemia)
83
Macrolide Interactions
Increases levels of warfarin, Theophylline, and Digoxin
84
Aminoglycosides are __________ Spectrum antibiotics
What do type of bacteria do they target?
NARROW SPECTRUM antibiotics used to treat Aerobic GRAM-NEGATIVE bacteria
85
Aminoglycoside Prototype
Gentamicin
86
Aminoglycoside Expected Pharmacological Action
1.) Inhibit protein synthesis by interfering with bacterial RNA
2.) Bacteriacidal- Higher doses kill bacteria faster
87
Aminoglycoside Adverse Reactions
Aminoglycoside Safety Alert
1.) Ototoxicity
2.) Nephrotoxicity
3.) Thrombophlebitis at IV site
4.) Neuromuscular blockade (Rare but may cause respiratory paralysis)
Safety Alert: Ototoxicity and Nephrotoxicity increase if blood levels exceed therapeutic range
88
Aminoglycoside Interventions
1.) Monitor for tinnitus, vertigo, hearing loss
2.) Check kidney function (BUN, Creatinine, Urine Output)
3.) Monitor peak and trough levels
4.) Ensure adequate hydration to reduce risk of nephrotoxicity
89
Aminoglycoside Administration
1.) IM injections - Deep into a large mucle
2.) IV Infusions - Slow administration over 30-60 minutes
3.) Monitor Peak (30 minutes after dose) and Trough (1 hour before next dose) levels
90
Aminoglycoside Client Instructions
1.) Report tinnitus, hearing loss, dizziness, or vertigo
2.) Monitor Urine output (watch for decreased amount or dark color)
91
Aminoglycoside Contraindications/Precautions
Contraindications
1.) Hearing loss, tinnitus, vestibular disorders
2.) Myasthenia Gravis or neuromuscular disorders
Precaution
1.) Kidney disease or dehydration
2.) Pregnant clients- risk for congenital deafness in fetus
92
Aminoglycoside Interactions
Ototoxic and nephrotoxic drugs (Vancomycin, NSAIDS, Loop diuretics)
93
Oxazolidinones are _________ specturm antibiotics
What type of bacteria are oxazolidinons used for?
BROAD SPECTRUM antibiotic, used to treat serious GRAM-POSITIVE Infections such as MRSA and VRE (Vancomycin Resistant Enterococcus)
94
Oxazolidinones Prototype
Linezolid
95
Oxazolidinones Expected Pharmacological Action
1.) Block bacterial protein synthesis by binding to ribosomes
2.) Effective against resistant GRAM-POSITIVE bacteria (MRSA, VRE)
96
Oxazolidinones Adverse Drug Reaction
Oxazolidinones Safety Alert
1.) Anemia (Low RBC)
2.) Peripheral Neuropathy (long term use)
3.) Seritonin Syndrome (if taken with SSRIs)
4.) N/V, Diarrhea
5.) Headache
Safety Alert: Do not give to clients taking MOAIs- Risk for hypertensive Crisis
97
Oxazolidinones Interventions
1.) Monitor CBC weekly (Anemia)
2.) Assess for signs of seritonin syndrome (Agitation, Confusion, Sweating)
3.) Check for neuropathy (tingling and numbness)
4.) Monitor soidum levels (hyponatremia)
98
Oxazolidinones Administration
Oxazolidinones Safety Alert
IV Form- Infuse Slowly
Safety Alert: Oral solution contains phenylalanine - Monitor for Phenylketonuria
99
Oxazolidinones Client Instructions
1.) Avoid foods high in tyramine (Aged cheese, dried meats, red wine)
2.) Monitor blood sugar if diabetic (Hypoglycemia)
100
Oxazolidinones Contraindication/Precautions
Contraindications
1.) Use of MAOIs in the past two weeks
2.) Uncontrolled hypertension
Precautions
1.) Older adults - risk of neuropathy and lactic acidosis
2.) Renal or liver impairment- Monitor medication levels
101
Flouroquinolones are used to treat
Serious Infections
1.) Severe UTIs
2.) Anthrax Exposure
3.) Respiratory, GI, and Bone infections
102
What population should not take flouroquinolones? What could happen?
Avoid in children under 18 years old
* Risk of Achilles Tendon Rupture.
103
Floroquinolone Prototype
Other important Floroquinolones
Prototype: Ciprofloxacin
Others: Levofloxacin
104
Floroquinolone Expected Pharmacological Action
Bacteriostatic or Bacteriocidal
1.) Inhibit bacterial DNA replication
*BACTERICIDAL- Kill both GRAM-NEGATIVE and some GRAM-NEGATIVE bacteria
105
Floroquinolones Adverse Reactions
Floroquinolones Safety Alerts
1.) Achilles tendon rupture
2.) Photosensitivity
3.) QT prolongation
4.) CNS Effects
5.) GI upset
Safety Alert
Can cause tendon rupture even months after stopping treatment
106
Floroquinolone Interventions
1.) Monitor for CNS effects (Confusion, Suicidal Ideation)
2.) Assess for tendon pain
3.) Advise sun protection
4.) Monitor ECG
107
Floroquinolone Administration
IV form: Administer over at least 60 minutes
108
Floroquinolone Client Instructions
Avoid Direct Sun Exposure
109
Floroquinolone Contraindication/Precautions
Contraindication
1.) Tendon pain/History of rupture
2.) QT prolongation
Precautions
1.) CNS disorder (seizure, depression)
110
Sulfonamides are _________ spectrum antibiotics that _______
BROAD SPECTRUM antibiotics that INHIBIT FOLIC ACID SYNTHESIS
111
What are Sulfonamide used to treat
1.) UTIs
2.) Pneumocystis Pneumonia
3.) Travelers Diarrhea (Shigella Enteritis)
4.) Acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis
5.) Acute Otitis Media in children
112
Sulfonamide Prototype
Other Sulfonamides
Prototype: Sulfamethoxazole-Trimethoprim (Bactrim)
Others: Sulfadiazine
113
Sulfonamide Expected Pharmacological Actions
Bacteriostatic or Bacteriocidal
1.) Block folic acid synthesis
BACTERIOSTATIC
114
Sulfonamide Adverse Drug Reactions
Sulfonamide Safety Alert
1.) Hypersensitivity (Stevens-Johnson Syndrome)
2.) Crystalluria
3.) Blood Disorders
4.) GI upset
5.) Photosensitivity
6.) Superinfections
Safety Alert
Stevens Johnson syndrome causes a painful blistering skin rash and fever, stop medication immediately if suspected
115
Sulfonamide Interventions
1.) Encourage at least 1200-1500ml of fluid per day to prevent crystalluria
2.) Monitor CBC for blood disorders
3.) Assess for rashes or hives - stop medication if present
116
Sulfonamide Adminstration
Oral Form: Take with 8 oz of water
117
Sulfonamide Client Instructions
1.) Drink plenty of fluids to prevent kidney damage
2.) Take with food if nausea occurs
3.) Report any rash or skin peeling immediately
4.) Avoid prolonged sun exposure and wear sunscreen
118
Sulfonamide Contraindications/Precautions
Contraindications
1.) Pregnancy, Breast Feeding infants less than 2 months old (Risk of kernicterus - Brain damage due to accumulation of bilirubin)
2.) Severe liver or renal impairment
3.) Megaloblastic anemia (Folic Acid Deficiency)
Precautions
1.) Sulfa allergy or cross sensitivity to similar drugs (Thiazide diuretics, celecoxib)
2.) Bone marrow suppression
119
Sulfonamide Interactions
1.) Alcohol (May cause disulfiram like reaction - N/V, flushing, palpitation)
2.) Warfarin, Phenytoin, Oral hypoglycemics (increase risk of bleeding and toxicity)
120
What do Urinary Tract Antiseptics do?
Specifically treat and prevent UTIs by targeting bacteria in the urinary tract
121
Urinary Tract Antiseptic Prototype
Nitrofurantoin (Macrobid, Macrodantin)
122
Urinary Tract Antispetic Bacteriostatic or Bacteriocidal
Either Bacteriostatic or Bacteriocidal depending on the dose
123
Urinary Tract Antiseptic Adverse Reactions
Safety Alerts
1.) Urine Discoloration (Orange)
2.) GI upset
Safety Alert
Pulmonary retractions can lead to permanent lung damange if drug is not stopped
124
Urinary Tract Antiseptic Interventions
1.) Monitor for and report respiratory symptoms immediately
2.) Encourage adequate hydration to prevent kidney damage
125
Urinary Tract Antiseptic Client Instructions
1.) Take with food or milk to prevent GI upset
2.) Expect urine to turn orange
126
Urinary Tract Antiseptic Contraindication/Precautions
Contraindications
1.) Pregnancy (Last 4 weeks), Newborns less than 1 month (risk of hemolytic anemia)
Precautions
1.) Liver disease
2.) Electrolyte Imbalance
127
Stages of HIV to AIDS
1.) Acute HIV Infection
- Initial Stage with Flu-like symptoms
2.) Chronic HIV Infection
- The virus remains in the body but can be controlled by antiretroviral therapy
3.) AIDS
- Advanced stage of HIV where the immune system is severely weakened, leading to opportunistic infections and malignacies
128
Types of HIV and Where are they found? What does the virus target?
1.) HIV-1
- Most common world wide, including US
2.) HIV-2
- Primarily found in West Africa
Targets CD4 cells (Helper T cells)
129
When is AIDS Diagnosed?
When CD4 counts fall below 200 cells/mm
130
What serves as a reservoir for the virus to remain undetected in the body?
Macrophages
131
What are key AIDS-defining cancers?
Kaposis sarcoma, non-Hodgkins lymphoma, Invasive cervical cancer
132
Oral Prep Medication
Truvada (emtricitabine and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate)
133
Injectable Prep Medication
Apretude (cabotegravir)
134
Prep medication Contraindications
1.) Current HIV infection
2.) Weight less than 77 lbs
3.) Possible HIV Exposure within last 72 hours (Offer Pep instead of Prep)
4.) Check creatinine clearance
135
Baseline labs for Prep
1.) HIV test 1 week before beginning prep
2.) STI testing
3.) Monitor Creatinine (Oral Prep)
136
Oral Prep Check up
Every 3 months
Every 6 months if older than 50
137
Injection Prep check up
Every 2 months for HIV rna
138
Prep Key Messages
1.) Close adherence
2.) Prep does not prevent pregnancy
3.) Prep does not prevent the spread of other STIs
