Antibiotics and classes

Question 1

benzylpenicillin

Answer 1

penicillin, beta-lactam. inhibits cell wall synthesis

Question 2

ceftriaxone

Answer 2

third gen cephalosporin, b-lactam, inhibits cell wall synthesis

Question 3

meropenem

Answer 3

carbapenem, b-lactam, inhibits cell wall synthesis

Question 4

vancomycin

Answer 4

glycopeptide, inhibits cell wall synthesis

Question 5

teicoplanin

Answer 5

glycopeptide, inhibits cell wall synthesis

Question 6

gentamicin

Answer 6

aminoglycoside, inhibits protein synthesis

Question 7

amikacin

Answer 7

aminoglycoside, inhibits protein synthesis

Question 8

tobramycin

Answer 8

aminoglycoside, inhibits protein synthesis

Question 9

clindamycin

Answer 9

macrolide, inhibits protein synthesis

Question 10

doxycycline

Answer 10

tetracycline, inhibits protein synthesis

Question 11

erythromycin

Answer 11

macrolide, inhibits protein synthesis

Question 12

linezolid

Answer 12

oxazolidinone, inhibits protein synthesis

Question 13

aztreonam

Answer 13

monobactam, inhibits cell wall synthesis

Question 14

chloramphenicol

Answer 14

tetracycline, inhibits protein synthesis

Question 15

ciprofloxacin

Answer 15

fluoroquinolone, inhibits DNA synthesis

Question 16

metronidazole

Answer 16

nitroimidazole, inhibits DNA synthesis

Question 17

nitrofurantoin

Answer 17

nitroimidazole, inhibits DNA synthesis

Question 18

rifampicin

Answer 18

rifamycin, inhibits RNA synthesis

Question 19

colistin

Answer 19

polymyxin, cell membrane toxin

Question 20

daptomycin

Answer 20

cyclic lipopeptide, cell membrane toxin

Question 21

sulphamethoxazole

Answer 21

sulfonamide, inhibits folate metabolism

Question 22

trimethoprim

Answer 22

diaminopyrinimidine, inhibits folate metabolism

Question 23

cephalexin

Answer 23

1st gen cephalosporin, b-lactam, inhibits cell wall synthesis

Question 24

cefuroxime

Answer 24

2nd gen cephalosporin, b-lactam, inhibits cell wall synthesis

Question 25

ceftazidime

Answer 25

3rd gen cephalosporin, b-lactam, inhibits cell wall synthesis

Question 26

cefotaxime

Answer 26

3rd gen cephalosporin, b-lactam, inhibits cell wall synthesis

Question 27

name 4 penicillins

Answer 27

penicillin amoxicillin flucloxacillin piperacillin

Question 28

imipenem

Answer 28

carbapenem, b-lactam, inhibits cell wall synthesis

Question 29

ertapenem

Answer 29

carbapenem, b-lactam, inhibits cell wall synthesis

Question 30

name 3 aminoglycosides

Answer 30

gentamicin tobramycin amikacin

Question 31

name 2 tetracyclines

Answer 31

doxycycline lymecycline

Question 32

azithromycin

Answer 32

macrolide, inhibits protein synthesis

Question 33

clarithromycin

Answer 33

macrolide, inhibits protein synthesis

Question 34

levofloxacin

Answer 34

fluoroquinolone, inhibits DNA synthesis

Question 35

moxifloxacin

Answer 35

fluoroquinolone, inhibits DNA synthesis

Question 36

name a second gen cephalosporin

Answer 36

cefuroxime

Question 37

what is co-trimoxazole

Answer 37

sulphamethoxazole and trimethoprim combined

Question 38

name 3 3rd gen cephalosporins

Answer 38

ceftriaxone ceftazidime cefotaxime

Question 39

c.diff infection treatment

Answer 39

vancomycin- poor absorption so remains in the gut

Question 40

what bacteria is penicillin effective against

Answer 40

gram +ve- strep

Question 41

what coverage does amoxicillin give

Answer 41

more broad spectrum, gram +ve and enterococci

Question 42

side effects of aminoglycosides

Answer 42

ototoxic nephrotoxic

Question 43

side effects of tetracyclines

Answer 43

teratogenic

Question 44

choice of antibiotics in pen-allergic patients

Answer 44

macrolides i.e. erythromycin, clarithromycin, azithromycin

Question 45

side effects of chloramphenicol

Answer 45

aplastic anaemia

Question 46

coverage of macrolides

Answer 46

mainly gram +ve

Question 47

coverage of linezolid

Answer 47

gram +ve

Question 48

side effect of colistin

Answer 48

no oral absorption nephrotoxic polymyxin, cell membrane toxin

Question 49

coverage of colistin

Answer 49

gram -ve

Question 50

coverage of daptomycin

Answer 50

gram +ve, MRSA, VRE cyclic lipopeptide, cell membrane toxin

Question 51

HAI treatment of skin infection caused by S.aureus

Answer 51

flucloxacillin unless allergy

Question 52

CAP treatment in hospital

Answer 52

mild: amoxicillin severe: co-amoxiclav + clarithromycin for atypicals

Question 53

HAP treatment

Answer 53

amoxicillin + gentamicin or tazocin

Question 54

bacterial meningitis treatment

Answer 54

ceftriaxone (add amoxicillin for listeria if young)

Question 55

UTI treatment in community

Answer 55

trimethoprim / nitrofurantoin for 3 days

Question 56

HAI UTI treatment

Answer 56

co-amoxiclav or cephalexin

Question 57

sepsis treatment

Answer 57

tazocin/ ceftriaxone metronidazole +/- gentamicin

Question 58

neutropenic sepsis treatment

Answer 58

tazocin + gentamicin

Question 59

c.diff colitis

Answer 59

vancomycin

Question 60

3 antibiotics associated with causing c.diff

Answer 60

cephalosporins clindamycin ciprofloxacin

Question 61

common causative agents of surgical site infection

Answer 61

MRSA coagulase -ve Staph

Question 62

severe causes of bacteraemia in hospital

Answer 62

MRSA coagulase -ve Staph E.Coli

Question 63

coverage of fluoroquinolones

Answer 63

broad spectrum- gram +ve, gram -ve, good oral absorption

Question 64

what organisms are nitroimidazoles useful against

Answer 64

anaerobes protozoa

Question 65

how is rifampicin cleared

Answer 65

hepatic excretion

Question 66

chlamydia treatment

Answer 66

doxycycline

Question 67

salmonella treatment

Answer 67

azithromycin (usually not necessary)

Question 68

agents effective against pseudomonas

Answer 68

gentamicin tobramycin

Question 69

campylobacter treatment in adults

Answer 69

clarithromycin