Antibiotics and Cancer Flashcards
Define antimicrobial drug
a drug that is active against bacteria, virus, fungi, or parasite
Define antibiotic drug
a drug that is only actively against bacteria
T/F: are all antimicrobials also antibiotics?
False
all AB = AM but not all AM = AB
What is the main characteristic of Gram-positive bacteria
a thick cell wall
What are the 2 main characteristics of Gram-negative bacteria
Outer membrane
thin cell wall
Define bacteriostatic antibiotics
drugs that prevent multiplication and continued growth of bacteria
- require host immune system
Define Bactericidal antibiotics
drugs that actively kill bacteria
Define bactericidal concentration-dependant
drug is given at a high dose so the effects are maintained for a longer period of time
Define bactericidal time-dependent
must maintain the correct level of drug long enough to kill the bacteria
what is a broad spectrum drug?
works for many types of organism
used for when we don’t know what the infection is
what is a narrow spectrum drug?
targets a specific infection the patient is known to have
what 3 factors must be taken into consideration when selecting treatment of drugs
identity/susceptibility of bacteria
host specific factors - allergies, renal function
Drug specific factors - DDI, route
What class of antibiotic ends with -cillin
Penicillins
What class of antibiotic begins with Cef- or Ceph-
Cephalosporins
What class of antibiotic ends with -penem
Carbapenems
