Antibiotics & Adverse Reaction

Question 1

Bactericidal

Answer 1

Leads to the death of the microbe

Prevents growth and development of the cell wall eg penicillin

Question 2

Bacteriostatic

Answer 2

Stops the growth & spread of the microbe

Question 3

Antibiotic

Answer 3

• a medication to treat or prevent infection from bacteria

Question 4

Antiseptic

Answer 4

• a substance that inhibits the growth of microorganisms on living tissue (usually topical)

Question 5

Broad-Spectrum Medication

Answer 5

• a medication effective against a wide range of

of microbes

Question 6

Narrow-Spectrum Medication

Answer 6

• a medication effective against only a few organisms (targeted specifically)

Question 7

antimicrobials and how they work

Answer 7

Drugs that kill or inhibit the growth of bacteria fungi viruses

1. Inhibit growth of the cell wall
2. Inhibit protein synthesis
3. Interfere with metabolic processes of the cell → cannot live if it can’t
   undertake metabolism
4. Disrupt the cell membrane

Question 8

Gentamicin

Answer 8

• First line treatment for gram negative sepsis
• Active against Pseudomonas, Proteus, Salmonella, Klebsiella,
  Enterobactor spp.

Adverse effects
• Ototoxicity - auditory and vestibular disturbances
• Nephrotoxicity
• Peripheral nerve damage

Question 9

Anaphylaxis and treatment

Answer 9

– rapid, life threatening severe allergic reaction.

• triggers immune response
• body recognises foreign substance in the body therefore releases antibodies to destroy it.
• Stop/remove cause if possible
• Call for help
• Oxygen therapy
• Lie flat if possible because of severe hypotension
• May need to sit up if severe respiratory distress
• Salbutamol for wheeze
• Corticosteroids to reduce inflammatory response
• Fluid replacement if hypotension

Question 10

bacteria

Answer 10

complex, single cell organisms. These cells multiply rapidly. mostly harmsless, are in everyday life. if bacteria causes health issues, antibiotics can be used to treat infections.

Question 11

virus

Answer 11

A microorganism that is smaller than a bacterium that cant survive without a living host. A virus attaches itself to cells and usually reprograms them to reproduce itself. Also, unlike bacteria, most viruses do cause disease. antibiotcis arent effective. Injections/immunisations can be used to treat before catching, or can be resolved on their own (common cold)