Antibiotics Flashcards
Penicillins MOA
Inhibition of cell wall synthesis
Penicillins cidal vs. static
cidal
Penicillins time vs. conc
Time dependent
Penicillins Spectrum
Naturals: G+, Staph, Anaerobic
Potentiated: G+, staph, G-, anaerobic, some also pseudamonas
Penicillins examples
Penicillin, diclocacillin, ampicillin, amoxicillin, amoxi/clav, ticarcillin, ticarcillin/clav
Carbapenems MOA
Inhibition of cell wall synthesis
Carbapenems cidal vs. static
cidal
Carbapenems time vs. conc
time
Carbapenems spectrum
Broad. G+, staph, G-, pseudamonas, anaerobic
Carbapenems examples
Meropenem, Imipenem
Cephalosporins 1st gen MOA
Inhibition of cell wall synthesis
Cephalosporins 1st gen cidal vs. static
cidal
Cephalosporins 1st gen time vs. conc
time
Cephalosporins 1st gen spectrum
G+»_space; G-, staph, some anaerobes
Cephalosporins 1st gen examples
Cephalexin, Cefazolin
Cephalosporins 2nd gen MOA
Inhibition of cell wall synthesis
Cephalosporins 2nd gen cidal vs. static
cidal
Cephalosporins 2nd gen time vs. conc
time
Cephalosporins 2nd gen Spectrum
G+>G-, staph, good anaerobe, cefoxitin good for anaerobes
Cephalosporins 2nd gen examples
cefoxitin
Cephalosporins 3rd gen MOA
Inhibition of cell wall synthesis
Cephalosporins 3rd gen cical vs. static
cidal
Cephalosporins 3rd gen time vs. conc
time
Cephalosporins 3rd gen Sectrum
G+ < G-, staph not as good, good anaerobe
Cephalosporins 3rd gen examples
Cefpodoxime, Cefovecin, etc
Fluoroquinolones MOA
Nucleic acid synthesis inhibitor - inhibits DNA gyrase and topoisomerase
Fluoroquinolones cidal vs. static
cidal
Fluoroquinolones time vs. conc
conc
Fluoroquinolones spectrum
Excellent G-, Good G+, Staph, weak anaerobes
Fluoroquinolones examples
Enrofloxacin, marbofloxacin, prado, orbi, etc
Glycopeptides MOA
Inhibits cell wall synthesis
Glycopeptides cidal vs. static
cidal
Glycopeptides time vs. conc
time
Glycopeptides spectrum
G+ only, staph, anaerobes
Glycopeptides examples
Vancomycin
Lincosamides MOA
Inhibits protein synthesis - binds 50s ribosome
Lincosamides cidal vs. static
static (Cidal at high pH)
Lincosamides time vs. conc
time
Lincosamides spectrum
Excellent G+ and anaerobes, staph, minimal G-
Lincosamides examples
Clindamycin, lincosamycin
Chloramphenicol MOA
Inhibits protein synthesis - binds 50s ribosome
Chloramphenicol cidal vs. static
static
Chloramphenicol time vs. conc
time
Chloramphenicol spectrum
Good G+, moderate G-, excellent anaerobes
Chloramphenicol examples
…Chloramphenicol
Macrolides MOA
Inhibits protein synthesis - binds 50s ribosome
Macrolides cidal vs. static
static
Macrolides time vs. conc
time
Macrolides spectrum
Excellent G+, staph, good anaerobes, Some G- (azithro more than erythro)
Macrolides examples
erythromycin, azithromycin
Metronidazole MOA
Inhibits nucleic acid synthesis
Metronidazole cidal vs. static
cidal
Metronidazole time vs. conc
conc
Metronidazole spectrum
Excellent anaerobes
Metronidazole examples
really???
Tetracyclines MOA
Inhibits protein synthesis - binds 30s ribosome
Tetracyclines cidal vs. static
static
Tetracyclines time vs. conc
time
Tetracyclines spectrum
G+, staph, G-, anaerobes
Tetracyclines examples
Doxycycline, minocycline
Tetracyclines special facts
esphageal stricture
Aminoglycosides MOA
Inhibits protein synthesis - binds 30s ribosome (maybe 50s too per Boothe?)
Aminoglycosides cidal vs. static
cidal
Aminoglycosides time vs. conc
conc
Aminoglycosides spectrum
G-, staph, pseudomonas
Aminoglycosides examples
Gentamicin, amikacin, neomycin
Aminoglycosides special facts
Nephrotoxic, ototoxicity
Sulfa drugs MOA
Blocs folic acid synthesis
Sulfadiazine - inhibits folic acid synthetase
Trimethoprim 0 inhibits folic acid reductase
Sulfa drugs cidal vs. static
Sulfa alone - static
TMS - cidal
Sulfa drugs time vs. conc
Time
Sulfa drugs Spectrum
G+, G-, staph, anaerobic
Sulfa drugs examples
TMS
Sulfa drugs special facts
Can cause KCS
Dobermans hypersensitive
Can cause immune diseases
Rifampin MOA
Inhibits RNA synthesis
Rifampin cidal vs. static
cidal
Rifampin time vs. conc
conc
Rifampin spectrum
G+, staph, anaerobes
Rifampin examples
rifampin. yup.
Rifampin special facts
Orange urine, rapid development of resistance