Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Therapeutics III > Antibiotics > Flashcards

Antibiotics Flashcards

1
Q

Beta lactam structure

A

Contains a beta lactam nucleus (four membered ring)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Penicillins structure

A

5 membered ring

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Cephalosporins structure

A

5 membered ring

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Beta lactamase

A

Degrades the beta lactam nucleus so that it will no longer bind to the PBP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Beta lactamase inhibitor

A

Similar structures to beta lactams but with no intrinsic activity.
Extends the spectrum
Bind to certain beta lactamases to prevent the enzyme from destroying the beta lactam

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Where do beta lactam antibiotics mimic the structure of bacteria and get incorporated into the cell wall? What does it do there?

A

D alanine tail

It inhibits cell wall synthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

MOA of beta lactams

A

Beta lactams are structurally analogous to D-Ala-D-Ala and bind to the PBP
They inhibit the third step of cell wall synthesis (cross linking)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Beta lactams killing

A

Bactericidal

Time-dependent killing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the target of all beta lactams?

A

PBPs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Resistance to beta lactams

A

Beta lactamase breaks a bond in the beta lactam ring of penicillin to disable the molecule. Bacteria with this enzyme can resist the effects of penicillin and other beta lactam antibiotics.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which organisms are more resistant to beta lactams?

A

Gram negative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Natural penicillins

A

Pen G

Pen VK

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Anti-staphylococcal penicillins

A

Nafcillin
Oxacillin (IV)
Dicloxacillin (PO)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Amino penicillins

A

Ampicillin (IV)

Amoxicillin (PO)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Ureido penicillin

A

Piperacillin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Pen G spectrum and uses

A 
Strep endocarditis, meningitis
Syphilis- benzathine Pen G
Narrow spectrum (streptococci, treponema)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Pen VK spectrum and uses

A

Narrow (streptococci)

Strep throat

18
Q

Nafcillin, oxacillin, dicloxacillin sprectrum and uses

A

Narrow (MSSA only)

Serious MSSA infections (skin, blood, lung, etc. )

19
Q

Ampicillin. amoxicillin spectrum and uses

A 
Broad spectrum (Gram +, some gram -, anaerobes)
Intra-abdominal, pelvic, skin, pulmonary, bite wounds, some STIs
NOT MRSA
20
Q

Piperacillin spectrum and uses

A 
Very broad (enhanced gram negative including pseudomonas)
Pneumonia, bacteremia, IA, febrile neutropenia, diabetic foot, etc. )
21
Q

1st class cephalosporin

A

Cefazolini (IV)

Cephalexin (PO)

22
Q

Cefazolin spectrum and uses

A 
Narrow spectrum (Gram +) streptococci, staphylococci
Surgical prophylaxis
23
Q

Cephalexin spectrum and uses

A 
Narrow spectrum (Gram +) streptococci, staphylococci
Skin, UTI, RTI
24
Q

2nd class cephalosporins

A

Cefoxitin (IV)

Cefuroxime (IV,PO)

25
Q

2nd class cephalosporins spectrum and uses

A

Broader spectrum (gram + and anaerobes)
Mixed infections
IV- pediatric meningitis

26
Q

3rd class cephalosporins

A

Ceftriaxone (IV/IM)
Ceftazidime (IV)
Ceftibuten, Cefdinir (PO)

27
Q

Ceftriaxone, ceftazidime, ceftibuten, cefdinir spectrum and uses

A

Broad (Enhanced gram-)
Psuedomonas (Ceftazidime only)
Meningitis, gonorrhea, serious hospital infections

28
Q

4th class cephalosporins

A

Cefepime (IV)

Ceftolozane (IV)

29
Q

Cefepime and Ceftolozane spectrum and uses

A

Very broad spectrum
Enhanced gram -, psuedomonas, some EBLs
Serious hospital infections

30
Q

5th class cephalosporin

A

Ceftaroline (IV)

31
Q

Ceftaroline spectrum and coverage

A

Broad (MRSA)

Skin, blood (MRSA infections only)

32
Q

Cefiderocol

A

Chemical structure similar to both ceftazidime and cefepime.
Avoids breakdown against PBPs
Used for pyelonephritis

33
Q

Monobactams

A

Aztreonam
Inhibits gram - only
Used in pcn and cephalosporin allergies (no crossreactivity)

34
Q

Carbapenems

A

VERY stable to beta lactamases

VERY broad spectrum

35
Q

Beta lactams Absorption

A

PO forms have modest-good absorption but IV»PO doses.

Best absorbed on an empty stomach, but taken with food because of AE (food does not effect AUC)

36
Q

Beta lactams distribution

A

Wide distribution- many beta lactams penetrate CNS with meningeal inflammation (primarily 3rd ceph)
Penetration into uninflamed meninges is poor

37
Q

Beta lactam metabolism

A

minimal

38
Q

Beta lactam excretion

A

Excreted in urine

Needs to be renally dosed

39
Q

Augmentin use

A

RTI, UTI, skin, UTI, bite wounds

40
Q

Keflex use

A

RTI, UTI, skin

41
Q

Ceftin use

A

RTI, UTI, skin

42
Q

Omnicef use

A

RTI, UTI, skin

Therapeutics III (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions