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Antimicrobials > Antibiotics > Flashcards

Antibiotics Flashcards

1
Q

Which antibiotics are used to treat sepsis?

A

Tazocin
(piperacillin/tazobactam)
Rifampicin + vancomycin
(gram negative cover)

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2
Q

Which antibiotics are used to treat endocarditis?

A

Vancomycin
Penicillin G
Ampicillin
Gentamicin

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3
Q

Which antibiotics are used to treat malaria?

A

Mefloquine
Doxycycline
atovaquone
malarone

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4
Q

Which antibiotics are used to treat lower tract UTIs?

A 
Nitrofurantoin
pivmecillinam
Fosfomycin
Oral cephalosporins
Co-amoxiclav
Trimethoprim, Amoxicillin (resistance)
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5
Q

Which antibiotics are used to treat upper tract UTIs?

A

iv Tazocin
iv Gentamicin
Oral ciprofloxacin

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6
Q

Which antibiotics are used to treat candida infections?

A

Nystatin (mouth)

Azoles- canestan (thrush)

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7
Q

Which antibiotics are used to treat Traveller’s diarrhoea?

A

Ciprofloxacin (bacterial)
Metronidazole (parasites)
Nitazoxanide (cryptosporidium)

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8
Q

Which antibiotics are used to treat syphillis?

A 
Benzathine penicillin G (one dose)
Procaine penicillin (14 days)
Doxycycline (allergic 15 days)
Tertiary- Benzathine penicillin weekly x3 or doxycycline 28 days
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9
Q

Which antibiotics are used to treat Haemophilus ducreyi?

A

Azithromycin

Ceftriaxone

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10
Q

Which antibiotics are used to treat N. gonorrhoea?

A

Ceftriaxone + azithromycin

Resistance- etrapenem + doxycycline for 7 days

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11
Q

What are the antivirals used for HIV?

A

2 NRTIs+NNRTI or ritonavir boosted Pi or an INSTI

tenofovir, abacavir + rilpiravirine
or Kaletra (lopinavir + ritonavir)
or raltegravir

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12
Q

Which antibiotics are used to treat C. diff?

A

Oral vancomycin

Oral fidaxomicin

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13
Q

Which antibiotics are used to treat low-severity CAP?

A

Amoxicillin for 5 days or doxycycline
iv amoxicillin or iv cefuroxime if mild penicillin allergy
ciprofloxacin + vancomycin for severe penicillin allergy

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14
Q

Which antibiotics are used to treat moderate severity CAP?

A

Amoxicillin + clarithromycin for 7 days or doxycycline
iv benzylpenicillin + clarithromycin
or iv cefuroxime if mild penicillin allergy
ciprofloxacin + vancomycin if severe penicillin allergy

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15
Q

Which antibiotics are used to treat severe CAP?

A

Co-amoxiclav + clarithromycin for 10 days
levofloxacin + vancomycin (penicillin allergy or likely to be MRSA)
Extend to 14-21 days for legionella, staph or gram negative pneumonia

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16
Q

Which antibiotics are used to treat pathogens not as commonly associated with CAP?

A

H. Influenzae (oseltamivir)
M. pneumoniae (levofloxacin)
L. pneumoniae (quinolones + rifampicin)

17
Q

Which antibiotics are used to treat TB?

A

Rifampicin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, ethambutol for 4 months

Then rifampicin + isoniazid for 2 months

18
Q

Which antibiotics are used to treat common skin infections?

A

S. aureus- flucloxacillin/co-amoxiclav
S. pyogenes- penicillins (fluoxacillin)
Both- erythromycin, clindamycin, cefuroxime, vancomycin

19
Q

Which antibiotics are used to treat septic arthritis?

A

S. aureus- flucloxacillin (vancomycin if MRSA)

Strep. pyogenes- benzylpenicillin

20
Q

Which antibiotics are used to treat bacterial meningitis?

A

Cephalosporins- cefotaxime/ceftriaxone (except listeria) (for unknown > 2 months add amoxicillin)
Chloramphenicol- Hib (allergies)
Benzylpenicillin- N. meningitidis + S. pneumoniae (vancomycin resistant strain) + unknown < 2 months (gentamicin)

21
Q

Which antivirals are used to treat cytomegalovirus?

A

Ganciclovir
Cidofovir
Foscarnet

22
Q

Which antivirals are used to treat influenza?

A

Amantadine

NA inhibitors: zanamivir/oseltamivir

23
Q

What treatment is used for tinea pedis?

A 
Topical terbinafine (laminal)
Topical clotrimazole (canesten)
24
Q

What treatment is used for tinea corporis?

A

Topical clotrimazole

25
Q

What treatment is used for pityriasis versicoloured?

A

Topical clotrimazole

26
Q

What treatment is used for onychomycosis?

A

Topical ro systemic clotrimazole

27
Q

What treatment is used for oral thrush?

A

Topical nysatin
Topical amphotericin
Oral flucanazole

28
Q

What treatment is used for candidiasis?

A

Amphotericin B
Fluconazole
Caspofungin
Micafungin

29
Q

What treatment is used for Aspergillosis?

A

Amphotericin B
Itraconazole
Voriconazole
Caspofungin

30
Q

What treatment is used for cryptococcus?

A

Amphotericin B

5 flucytosine

31
Q

What treatment is used for endemic mycoses?

A

Amphotericin B

Itraconazole

32
Q

What is used to treat P. Falciparum?

A 
Artemisinin derivatives (lumefantrine/amodiaquine/piperaquine/primaquine)
Quinine + doxycycline or clindamycin 
Atovaquone + proguanil
33
Q

What is used to treat P. vivid, P. vale and P malariae?

A

Chloroquine
Primaquine
Tefaneoquine

34
Q

What is used to treat African trypanosomiasis?

A

Fexindazole

35
Q

What is used to treat Leishmaniasis?

A

Sodium stibogluconate
Amphotericin B- iv
Miltefosine- oral

36
Q

What is used to treat intestinal nematodes?

A

Mebendazole

Albendazole

37
Q

What is used to treat Onchocerciasis?

A

2 doses of ivermectin 6 months apart, repeated every 3 years

38
Q

What is used to treat Hepatitis C?

A

Peginterferon-a and ribavirin

39
Q

What is used to treat chronic granulomatous disease (CGD)?

A

Interferon-y

Antimicrobials (5 decks)

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