Antibiotics

Question 1

Amoxicillin (penicillin broad spectrum)

Answer 1

• First line for pneumonia
• As part of combination treatment for H.pylori
• Empirical treatment of urinary tract infection

Question 2

Co-amoxiclav (penicillin broad-spectrum)

Answer 2

• Hospital acquired infection

- intra-abdominal sepsis

Question 3

Benzylpenicillin and phenoxymethylpenicillin

Answer 3

• streptococcus infection (tonsillitis)

- meningococcal infection

Question 4

Flucloxacillin (penicillinase-resistant)

Answer 4

• Skin and soft tissue infection e.g. cellulitis
• endocarditis
• septic arthritis

Question 5

Tazobactam (Penicillins/antipseudomonal)

Answer 5

Severe broad spectrum of pathogens (e.g. Pseudomonas aeruginosa)

Question 6

Quinolones - ciprofloxacin

Answer 6

Usually reserved for third line treatment and kill bacteria

• UTI
• Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Question 7

Tetracyclines - doxycycline

Answer 7

• Acne

- Lower respiratory rate infection (COPD/pneumonia)

Question 8

Macrolides - clarithromycin/erythromycin

Answer 8

Broad spec of activity

• Alternative to penicillin when it’s contraindicated allergy
• Severe pneumonia (addition to penicillin)
• Clarithromycin has less side effects than erythromycin

Question 9

Cephalosporins and Carbapenems MOA

Answer 9

• Broad spec
• 2/3 line for UTI and RTI
• Their antimicrobial effect is due to their beta-lactam ring

Question 10

Vancomycin

Answer 10

• Treatment of Gram-positive infection where penicillins can’t be used (resistance).
• MRSA
• C.diff second line if metronidazole is ineffective

Question 11

Trimethoprim / nitrofurantoin

Answer 11

• First line in UTI

Question 12

Metronidazole

Answer 12

Broad spec

• 1st line C.diff
• Oral infections