Antibiotics

Question 1

Antibiotic groups that inhibit cell wall synthesis

Answer 1

Beta lactams - penicillin, cephalosporins, carbapenems

Glycopeptids

Question 2

Example of a glycopeptide? Mechanism?

Answer 2

Vancomycin

Inhibits cell wall synthesis

Question 3

Example of a penicillin? Mechanism?

Answer 3

Benzylpenicillin, flucloxacillin, amoxicillin

Beta lactam
Inhibits cell wall synthesis

Question 4

Example of cephalosporins? Mechanism?

Answer 4

Beta lactam
Ceftriaxone
Cefuroxime
Cephalaxim

Beta lactam
Inhibits cell wall synthesis

Question 5

Example of carbapenems?

Mechanism?

Answer 5

Imipenem
Ertapenem

Beta lactam
Inhibits cell wall synthesis

Question 6

4 mechanisms by which antibiotics inhibit nucleus acid synthesis

Answer 6

Inhibit folate synthesis
Inhibits DNA gyrase
Bind to RNA polymerase
Inhibit DNA strand breaks

Question 7

Example of dna strand break antibiotic? What is it’s mode of action? Use?

Answer 7

Metronidazole
Inhibits nucleus acid synthesis
Used for anaerobic parasites e.g Giardia lamblia

Question 8

An example of a antibiotic that binds to RNA polymerase? Mechanism? Use?

Answer 8

Rifampicin 
Inhibits nucleic acid synthesis 
Staph and strep infections 
Quadruple treatment for TB
It’s an enzyme inducer

Question 9

Example of an antibiotic that inhibits DNA gyrase? Mechanism? Use?

Answer 9

Fluoroquinolones
Ciprofloxacin
Ofloxacin
Levofloxacin

It’s a nucleic acid synthesis inhibitor
Uses - strep viridians, strep pyogenes, h. Influenza, campylobacter, chlamydia, neisseria meningitis

Question 10

Which drugs inhibit folate synthesis? What mechanism? Uses?

Answer 10

Trimethoprim (UTI EXCEPT PREGNANCY), prostatitis, acute/chronic bronchitis

Sulfonamides (sulfmethoxazole)

Question 11

What is co-trimoxazole? Use?

Answer 11

Combo of trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole

Prophylaxis against pneumocystis carnii pneumonia