Antibiotics

Question 1

Antibiotic of choice for staph aureus infections

Answer 1

Flucloxacillin

Question 2

What is co-amoxiclav

Answer 2

Amoxicillin and clavulonic acid

Question 3

What is tazocin

Answer 3

Piperacillin and tazobactam

Question 4

How do you give tazocin

Answer 4

IV only

Question 5

Flucloxacillin spectrum?

Answer 5

Very narrow spectrum- only effective against staphylococcus/streptococcus

Question 6

Why has amoxicillin become less effective over the years?

Answer 6

Amoxicillin is effective because of beta lactam ring - but many organisms now produce beta lactamase, an enzyme that destroys the beta lactam ring

Question 7

How does clavulonic acid work?

Answer 7

Inhibits the action of beta-lactamase enzyme produced by bacteria
-does not have antibiotic properties on its own

Question 8

How are penicillins excreted?

Answer 8

Kidneys and urine

Question 9

How do you give amoxicillin?

Answer 9

Good absorption when given orally

Question 10

Name a 1st generation cephalosporin

Answer 10

Cephalexin

Question 11

Name a 2nd generation cephalosporin

Answer 11

Cefuroxime

Question 12

Name a 3rd generation cephalosporin

Answer 12

Cefixime
Ceftriaxone
Ceftazidime

Question 13

How are cepahlosporins excreted?

Answer 13

Kidneys and urine

Question 14

Name two glycopeptide antibiotics

Answer 14

Vancomycin

Teicoplanin

Question 15

How do you give glycopeptides?

Answer 15

Give IV as poor absorption from gut (except c. diff which you would use because topical treatment in bowel)

Question 16

What patients should you be cautious with giving vancomycin to?

Answer 16

Patients with poor renal function

toxic levels of vancomycin can build up in patients who have kidney failure, causing further kidney damage

Question 17

What kind of bacteria are glycopeptides only active against?

Answer 17

Only active against gram positive bacteria

glycopeptides glycoPOSITIVE