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LAM 2 > Antibiotics > Flashcards

Antibiotics Flashcards

1
Q

Sulfonamides have resistance to

A

Pseudomonas
Bacteroides
Enterococcus

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2
Q

Sulfonamides work for Gram ___

A

Neg and Pos

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3
Q

How do sulfonamides work

A

Block production of folic acid

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4
Q

How do potentiated sulfas work

A

Block PABA and dihydrofolate reductase

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5
Q

Sulfonamides are highly restricted for

A

Dairy cattle

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6
Q

How do beta lactams work

A

Bind to penicillin binding proteins (cell lysis)

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7
Q

Examples of beta lactams

A

Penicillin

Cephalosporin

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8
Q

3rd Generation cephalosporins penetrate ___

A

The CNS

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9
Q

T/F: Beta Lactams can be used extra label

A

True

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10
Q

How does Tetracycline work

A

Binds 30s ribosome preventing protein synthesis

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11
Q

Characteristics of tetracycline

A

lipophilic, wide distribution, accumulate intracellularly

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12
Q

Neomycin and gentamicin are

A

Aminoglycosides

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13
Q

Aminoglycosides are effective against gram ___

A

Negative

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14
Q

Aminoglycosides are highly ___ soluble and poorly ___ soluble

A

Highly water soluble

Poorly lipid soluble

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15
Q

Where do aminoglycosides accumulate

A

lysosomes and mitochondria causing a post-antibiotic effect

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16
Q

Where do aminoglycosides accumulate

A

lysosomes and mitochondria causing a post-antibiotic effect

17
Q

Aminoglycosides can cause toxicity to

A

Kidney and ear

18
Q

T/F: Aminoglycosides are commonly used

A

FALSE: they are a zero tolerance drug and are strongly urged not to be used except for neonatal pigs

19
Q

What is Florfenicol most commonly used for

A

BRD, keratoconjunctivitis, Foot Rot

20
Q

How does Florfenicol work

A

Blocks peptidyltransferase on 50s ribosome

21
Q

Why is Florfenicol good for H. Somni

A

Achieves concentration in CNS above MIC for 20 hrs — penetrates diseased lung more than healthy lung

22
Q

Is extra label use allowed for florfenicol

23
Q

Erythromycin is what drug class

24
Q

Macrolides have ___ activity

A

intracellular – higher positive charge

25
Q

Macrolides are especially good for which bacteria

A

Mycoplasma

26
Q

How do macrolides work

A

Bind 50s ribosome

27
Q

Where do macrolides accumulate

A

Cells more acidic than plasma

Lysosomes of leukocytes

28
Q

Why should lincosamides be avoided in foregut/hindgut fermenters

A

cause clostridial overgrowth

29
Q

Lincosamides are best for which species

30
Q

How do lincosamides work

A

bind 50s ribosome

31
Q

Lincosamides work best for which bacteria

A

Strep, erysipelothrix, mycoplasma

32
Q

T/F: Fluoroquinolones are highly restricted

33
Q

what are examples of fluoroquinolones

A

Enrofloxacin

LAM 2 (3 decks)

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