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Pharmacology > Antibiotics > Flashcards

Antibiotics Flashcards

1
Q

Class/MOA? - Ampicillin

A

Cell Wall Inhibitor - Penicillin - 1) Bind PBP, 2) Destroy Cell Wall

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2
Q

Class/MOA? - Aztreonam

A

Cell Wall Inhibitor - Monobactam - 1) Bind PBP, 2) Destroy Cell Wall

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3
Q

Class/MOA? - Penicillin G

A

Cell Wall Inhibitor - Penicillin - 1) Bind PBP, 2) Destroy Cell Wall

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4
Q

Class/MOA? - Imipenem

A

Cell Wall Inhibitor - Penicillin - 1) Bind PBP, 2) Destroy Cell Wall

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5
Q

Class/MOA? - Clavulanic Acid

A

Beta - Lactamase

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6
Q

Class/MOA? - Cilastin

A

DHP1 inhibitor - More importantly, reduces renal toxicity of Imipenem

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7
Q

Class/MOA? - Tazobactam

A

Beta - Lactamase

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8
Q

Class/MOA? - Ceftriazone

A

Cell Wall Inhibitor - 3rd Cephalosporin - 1) Bind PBP, 2) Destroy Cell Wall

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9
Q

Class/MOA? - Cephalexin

A

Cell Wall Inhibitor - 1st Cephalosporin - 1) Bind PBP, 2) Destroy Cell Wall

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10
Q

Class/MOA? - Vancomycin

A

Cell Wall Inhibitor - Glycoprotein - D-ALA-D-ALA Transglycosylation inhibitor
Effective only against gam positive bacteria

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11
Q

Class/MOA? - Fosfomycin

A

Cell Wall Inhibitor - Enolpyruvyl transferase inhibitor (_F_osfomycin acts on the _F_irst part of cell wall synthesis)

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12
Q

Class/MOA? - Gentamicin

A

Protein Synthesis Inhibitor - Aminoglycoside - Bind 30S, preventing AUG start codon ?. OR?. Punches a hole in the outer membrane (thought to give it its bactericidal effect)
more effective against aerobes, takes energy to enter the cell

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13
Q

Class/MOA? - Azithromycin

A

Protein Synthesis Inhibitor - Macrolides - 23S of 50S - Peptidyl Transfer - Prevents growing of protein

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14
Q

Class/MOA? - Clarithromycin

A

Protein Synthesis Inhibitor - Macrolides - 23S of 50S - Peptidyl Transfer - Prevents growing of protein

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15
Q

Class/MOA? - Erythromycin

A

Protein Synthesis Inhibitor - Macrolides - 23S of 50S - Peptidyl Transfer - Prevents growing of protein

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16
Q

Class/MOA? - Clindamycin

A

Protein Synthesis Inhibitor - Lincosamides - 23S of 50S - Peptidyl Transfer - Prevents growing of protein

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17
Q

Class/MOA? - Linezolid

A

Protein Synthesis Inhibitor - OxaZOLIDinones -Drug of Last Resort, MOA not mentioned, but it binds a unique portion of 50S

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18
Q

Class/MOA? - Doxycycline

A

Protein Synthesis Inhibitor - TetraCYCLINES -16S of 30S - prevents growing of protein

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19
Q

Class/MOA? - Tigecycline

A

Protein Synthesis Inhibitor - TetraCYCLINES -16S of 30S - prevents growing of protein

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20
Q

Class/MOA? - Mupirocin

A

Protein Synthesis Inhibitor - Isoleucyl transfer-RNA synthetase inhibitor

21
Q

Class/MOA? - Chloramphenicol

A

Protein Synthesis Inhibitor - 50S - Transpeptidation inhibitor
can interfere with MOA of macrolides and other 50s if given concurrently

22
Q

Class/MOA? - Quinupristin/Dalfopristin

A

Protein Synthesis Inhibitor - Streptogramins - Synergistic transformations of the 50S

23
Q

Class/MOA? - Ciprofloxacin

A

Nucleic Acid/Metabolite InhibitorFloroquinolones - TOPO2/4 (-/+)

24
Q

Class/MOA? - Rifampin

A

Nucleic Acid/Metabolite InhibitorRifamycins - Prevents RNA polymerase initiation

25
Q

Class/MOA? - Metronidazole

A

Nucleic Acid/Metabolite InhibitorNitroimiDAZOLEs - Prodrug - requires anaerobic activation - toxic to DNA

26
Q

Class/MOA? - Cotrimoxale (Bactrim, Septra, SMX-TMP)

A

Nucleic Acid/Metabolite InhibitorSulfonamide - DHF Reductase Inhibitor (SMX-TMP) - Sequential inhibitors of THF

27
Q

Class/MOA? - Daptomycin

A

Nucleic Acid/Metabolite InhibitorLipopeptide antibiotics - Rapid depolarization of membrane

28
Q

Class/MOA? - Fidaxomicin

A

Nucleic Acid/Metabolite InhibitorInhibits RNA Polymerase - Sigma Dependent Transcription

29
Q

Trademark Use - Fidaxomicin

A

C. diff

30
Q

Trademark Use - Beta-lactams (Broadly)

A

Gram Positive

31
Q

Trademark Use - Cefazolin

A

Surgical prophylaxis

32
Q

Trademark Use - Cephalexin

A

Most common outpatient

33
Q

Trademark Use - Ceftriaxone

A

STDs/Pediatric meningitis

34
Q

Trademark Use - Cefepime

A

Pseudomonal infections

35
Q

Trademark Use - IV Vancomycin

A

Resistant organisms

36
Q

Trademark Use - Oral Vancomycin

A

C diff colitis

37
Q

Trademark Use - Aminoglycosides

A

Gram neg, best against aerobes

38
Q

Trademark Use - Infections that recruit macrophages

A

Azithromycin

39
Q

Trademark Use - Topical antibiotic - effective for MRSA

A

Mupirocin

40
Q

Trademark Use - Mycobacterial infections (TB!!)

A

Rifampin

41
Q

Trademark Use - Biofilms

A

Rifampin

42
Q

Trademark Use - CNS distribution +++++++

A

Rifampin

43
Q

Trademark Use - Metronidazole

A

Anaerobic bacteria

44
Q

Trademark adverse effect - Ototoxicity

A

Aminoglycoside (why many of these are eye/ear drops)

45
Q

Trademark adverse effect - Cross-reactivity to Penincillins

A

Cephalosporins (Supposedly 10% of cases)

46
Q

Trademark adverse effect - Kidney toxicity - in the brush border of proximal tubular cells

A

Imipenem and Aminglycosides

47
Q

Trademark adverse effect - Di-sulfiram-like reaction

A

Metronidazole - Not mentioned in his lecture, but trust me. It will appear somewhere, someday on an exam. (Disulfiram (Antabuse) causes intense nausea and projectile vomit when in contact with ethanol)

48
Q

Trademark adverse effect - Inactivated by pulmonary surfectant (not really a side effect)

A

Daptomycin

Pharmacology (6 decks)

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