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Clinical Pod Med Exam 2 > Antibiotics > Flashcards

Antibiotics Flashcards

1
Q

what ROA is penicillin V taken?

A

only available in oral

*penicillin G is available in IV, IM, and oral forms

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2
Q

why were aminopenicillins developed secondary to penicillins?

A

designed to increase Gram (-) coverage

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3
Q

Which antibiotics are metabolized by the liver?

A

nafcillin
metronidazole
clindamycin

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4
Q

Which aminopenicillin is better absorbed orally (most are given IV)?

A

amoxicillin

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5
Q

What is the drug of choice for animal bites?

A

augmentin (amoxicillin/ clavulanic acid)

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6
Q

which 2 aminopenicillin + beta-lactamase inhibitor drugs have high sodium load?

A

unasyn - ampicillin/ sulbactam

timentin - ticarcillin/ `clavulanic acid

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7
Q

What are the different genrations of cephalosporins for?

A

1st- Gram (+) cocci
2nd- inc. Gram (-) coverage
3rd- even more Gram (-) coverage
4th- good activity against both Gram (+) and Gram (-)

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8
Q

What is the DOC for surgical prophylaxis?

A

cefazolin - parenteral route

*1st gen ceph

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9
Q

which first generation ceph is good to treat Gram (+) soft tissue infections?

A

cephalexin

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10
Q

what are teh 2 important paerenteral 3rd gen ceph?

A

ceftriaxone

ceftazidime

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11
Q

what are the 2 oral 3rd gen ceph?

A

cefixime

cefdinir

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12
Q

what is the DOC for N. gonorrhea?

A

ceftriaxone

*is a 3rd gen ceph

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13
Q

how is ceftriaxone, a 3rd gen ceph eliminated?

A

biliary system

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14
Q

which cephalosporin has the longest half-life?

A

ceftriaxone

3rd gen

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15
Q

which ceph is the most active against P. aeruginosa?

A

ceftazidime

*3rd gen ceph

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16
Q

which ceph are eliminated via biliary system?

A

ceftriaxone

cefoperazone

17
Q

Name the 4th gen ceph.

A

cefepime- is broad spectrum

18
Q

which monobactam is active against Gram (-) aerobes including P. aeruginosa?

A

aztreonam

19
Q

AE of aminoglycosides?

A

nephrotoxicity- reversible
ototoxicity- irreversible
neuromuscular blockade

20
Q

which aminoglycoside has best activity against serratia?

A

gentamicin

21
Q

which aminoglycoside has best coverage against P. aeruginosa?

A

tobramycin

22
Q

what is the C&G formula?

A

creatinine clearance =[(140-age) x weight (in kg)]/ (serum creatinine x 72)

23
Q

which antibiotics can be used in PCN- allergic patients?

A

clindamycin & erythromycin

24
Q

which 2 antibiotics work well against Gram (+) bacteria?

A

vancomycin

rifampin

25
Q

which antibiotic turns body fluids red?

A

rifampin

26
Q

name the quinolones.

A

ciprofloxacin
levofloxacin
trovafloxacin

27
Q

what is the DOC for Borrelia Burgdorferi (Lyme disease)

A

tetracyclines

Clinical Pod Med Exam 2 (15 decks)

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