antibiotics

Question 1

indications

Answer 1

1) rapidly increasing signs and symptoms
2) immunocompromised
3) etc etc

-
do not give it for prevention of infection, or when there is a sinus tract, or with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis

Question 2

antibiotic susceptibility

Answer 2

1) Pen VK 85%
2) Pen VK + metronidazole 93%
3) amoxicillin 91%
- FIRST CHOICE
4) amox + metronidazole 99%
5) metronidazole 45%
6) clindamycin 96%

Question 3

clindamycin

Answer 3

1) can cause c. diff infection
- azithromycin is better (SECOND CHOICE)
2) pseudomembranous colitis

Question 4

beta-lactamase inhibitors

Answer 4

1) clavulanic acid will inhibit beta lactamase

Question 5

do not give bacteriostatic and bactericidal antibiotic concurrently

Answer 5

1) because penicillin only works if bacteria is GROWING
2) tetracyclines and others stop them from growing…
3) they will counteract each other

Question 6

metronidazole

Answer 6

1) only works on anaerobes
2) prevent DNA synthesis
- can be added to penicillins
3) cannot drink ALCOHOL!!

Question 7

antibiotic drug interactions

Answer 7

1) birth control pills
- rifampin inhibits
2) tetracyclines increase INR
3) macrolides blocks liver CYP34A
- can decrease metabolism of benzodiazepines and other drugs
4) digoxin and warfarin have narrow therapeutic window

Question 8

how to prescribe

Answer 8

1) amox 500 mg q8h 3-7 days
2) azithromycin 500 mg loading, 250mg q24h 5 days

Question 9

steroids

Answer 9

1) blocks prostaglandins and leukotrienes
2) rx. medrol dosepack only if NSAIDs are not working and pt. has pain to touch
- can take Tylenol with it
- but not NSAIDS

Question 10

flare up

Answer 10

1) 8.4% of cases are extreme pain during or after RCT
2) have to open the tooth and drain pus
- irrigate with NaOCl
- place calcium hydroxide
- antibiotics
- pain meds