Antibiotics Flashcards
Common Gram positive cocci and common associated conditions (8)
Staphylococcus aureus - Skin infections, MRSA
Staphylococcus Saphrophyticus - UTI
Staphylococcus epidermidis - Foreign body infections
Streptococcus pneumoniae - Pneumonia, otitis media, meningitis
Streptococcus Pyogenes (GAS) - Impetigo, pharyngitis, tonsillitis, otitis media, poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis, scarlet fever, ARF
Streptococcus agalaciae (GBS) - neonatal meningitis, neonatal sepsis
Viridans streptococci - Dental caries
Enterococcus Faecalis - UTI, VRE
Common gram negative bugs and associated conditions (14)
Haemophillus influenzae - CAP, otitis media, epiglottitis, conjunctivitis, sinusitis, meningitis
Bordetella pertussis - Pertussis (whooping cough)
Pasteurella multocida - Cat/dog bite cellulitis
Chlamydia Pneumoniae - Pneumonia
Chlamydia Trachomatis - STI
Legionella - Legionnaire disease
Escherica Coli - Gastroenteritis, cystitis
Neisseria Meningitidis - Meningitis
Neisseria Gonorrhoea - Gonorrhea, septic arthritis, PID, neonatal conjunctivitis
Moraxella catarrhalis - Sinusitis, otitis media
Klebsiella - UTI
Proteus - UTI, struvite stones
Pseudomonas aeruginosa- UTI, burn wound infections, keratitis, malignant otitis externa (in elderly with diabetes)
Salmonella - Salmonellosis, reactive arthritis
Campylobacter jejuni - Enterocolitis, precedes GBS, reactive arthritis
Helicobacter pylori - Gastritis, duodenal peptic ulcers, increases risk for gastric adenocarcinoma and MALT lymphoma
Anaerobe bugs (1)
Clostridium
Penicillin drugs (5)
Amoxycillin
Amoxycillin + Clavulanic acid
Flucloxacillin
Benzyl Penicillin
Ampicillin
Cephalosporin drugs (3)
Ceflexin (oral)
Cefazolin (IV, IM)
Ceftriaxone (IV, IM)
Aminoglycoside drugs (1)
Gentamicin
Macrolide drugs (3)
Azithromycin (oral or IV)
Clarithromycin (oral or IV)
Roxithromycin (oral)
Tetracycline drugs (2)
Doxycycline (oral)
Tetracycline (oral or IV)
Nitroimidazole drugs (2)
Metronidazole (oral or IV)
Tinidazole (oral or IV)
Azithromycin indications
Atypical pneumonia (mycoplasma, legionella, chlamydia)
Pertussis
STIs caused by chlamydia Streptococcal infections in patients allergic to penicillin second line prophylaxis for n meningidits
Dual therapy with ceftriaxone for n gonorrhea
Gentamicin indications
Severe gram negative rod infections
Cefalexin indications
Highly active against +ve gram bacteria, also proteus, e coli, klebsiella
Ceftriaxone indications
Extended spectrum gram -ve bacteria coverage, has good CNS penetrance (meningitis)
Gonnorhea
Disseminated lymedisease
Perioperative wound infection (s aureus) prophylaxis
Amoxycillin indications
Gram +ve aerobes
Gram -ve rods (not enterobacter)
Most effective against; h pylori, h influenzae, e coli, listeria, proteus, salmonella, shigella, enterococci, spirochetes
Amoxycillin + Clavulanic Acid
Flucloxacillin indications
Gram +ve aerobes, especially staph aureus (non MRSA)
Benzyl penicillin indications
Gram +ve aerobes
Gram -ve cocci (esp. neissera meningitis)
Spirochetes (esp. treponema pallidum)
Fluroquinolone drugs (6)
Norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin (all oral), levofloxacin (oral or IV) , moxifloxacin (oral) , gemifloxacin (oral)
Carbapenem drugs (4)
Imipenem
Meropenem
Ertapenem
Doripenem
Glycopeptide drugs (1)
Vancomycin (oral or IV)
Glycopeptide indications (4)
Especially resistant against multi-drug resistance organisms
Gram positive bacteria only
MRSA
Enterococci
C. diffile (causing pseudomembranous colitis)
Common gram positive bacilli (6)
Clostridioides difficile - Pseudomembranous colitis
Clostridium tetani - Tetanus
Clostridium botulinum - Botulism
Clostridium septicum - Colon cancer
Listeria monocytogenes - Listeriosius
Corynebacterium diptheriae - Diptheria
