Antibiotics

Question 1

-cillin

Answer 1

Penicillins

Question 2

-cillin or -penem combined with beta-lactamase inhibitor names (e.g., sulbactam, tazobactam)

Answer 2

Penicillin/Beta-Lactamase Inhibitor Combinations

Question 3

-ceph or -cef

Answer 3

Cephalosporins (First to Fourth Gen)

Question 4

-penem

Answer 4

Carbapenems

Question 5

-micin or -mycin

Answer 5

Aminoglycosides

Question 6

-floxacin

Answer 6

Fluoroquinolones

Question 7

-cillin (though structurally different from penicillins)

Answer 7

Glycopeptides

Question 8

-thromycin

Answer 8

Macrolides

Question 9

-cycline

Answer 9

Tetracyclines

Question 10

Inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs). This weakens the cell wall and leads to cell lysis.

Answer 10

Penicillins

Question 11

Similar to penicillins, but also include beta-lactamase inhibitors that protect the penicillin from enzymatic degradation by beta-lactamase enzymes produced by some bacteria.

Answer 11

Penicillin/Beta-Lactamase Inhibitor Combinations

Question 12

Inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to PBPs, similar to penicillins. Each generation may have varying activity against different bacteria.

Answer 12

Cephalosporins (First to Fourth Gen)

Question 13

Broad-spectrum inhibition of cell wall synthesis by binding to PBPs. Effective against a wide range of bacteria, including many resistant strains.

Answer 13

Carbapenems

Question 14

Inhibition of bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 30S ribosomal subunit, causing misreading of mRNA and ultimately disrupting protein synthesis.

Answer 14

Aminoglycosides

Question 15

Inhibition of DNA replication and repair by targeting bacterial DNA gyrase (topoisomerase II) and topoisomerase IV enzymes, which are essential for DNA processing.

Answer 15

Fluoroquinolones

Question 16

Inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to the D-Ala-D-Ala portion of cell wall precursor molecules, preventing their incorporation into the cell wall.

Answer 16

Glycopeptides

Question 17

Inhibition of bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 50S ribosomal subunit, preventing the elongation of the peptide chain during protein synthesis.

Answer 17

Macrolides

Question 18

Inhibition of bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 30S ribosomal subunit, interfering with the attachment of aminoacyl-tRNA to the mRNA-ribosome complex

Answer 18

Tetracyclines

Question 19

Penicillin G, Nafcillin, Piperacillin

Answer 19

Penicillins

Question 20

Ampicillin-Sulbactam, Ticarcillin-Clavulanate, Piperacillin-Tazobactam

Answer 20

Penicillin/Beta-Lactamase Inhibitor Combinations

Question 21

Cefazolin, Cephalexin, Cefoxitin, Cefotetan, Cefuroxime, Ceftriaxone, Ceftazidime, Cefepime

Answer 21

Cephalosporins (First to Fourth Gen)

Question 22

Imipenem-Cilastatin, Meropenem, Ertapenem, Doripenem

Answer 22

Carbapenems

Question 23

Gentamicin, Tobramycin, Amikacin

Answer 23

Aminoglycosides

Question 24

Ciprofloxacin, Levofloxacin, Moxifloxacin

Answer 24

Fluoroquinolones

Question 25

Vancomycin

Answer 25

Glycopeptides

Question 26

Erythromycin, Azithromycin, Clarithromycin

Answer 26

Macrolides

Question 27

Doxycycline, Minocycline, Tigecycline

Answer 27

Tetracyclines