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GP > Antibiotics > Flashcards

Antibiotics Flashcards

1
Q

Strep Pneumonia Gram Stain

A

+

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2
Q

Morazella Catarrhalis Gram Stain

A

-

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3
Q

Haemophillus Influenzae Gram Stain

A

-

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4
Q

Mycoplasma Pneumonia Gram Stain

A

Neither - no cell wall

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5
Q

Strep Pyogenes Gram Stain

A

+

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6
Q

Staph Aureus Gram Stain

A

+

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7
Q

E coli Gram Stain

A
  • (anaerobe)
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8
Q

Staph Saprophyticus Gram Stain

A

+

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9
Q

Klebsiella Sp Gram Stain

A
  • (anaerobe)
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10
Q

Proteus Mirabilis Gram Stain

A
  • (anaerobe)
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11
Q

Chlamydia Trachomatis Gram Stain

A

-

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12
Q

Neisseria Gonorrhea Gram Stain

A

-

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13
Q

Trichomonas Vaginalis Gram Stain

A

Neither - protozoa

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14
Q

Gardnerella Vaginallis gram stain is variable

A

Variable?

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15
Q

Neisseria Meningitidis Gram Stain

A

-

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16
Q

Campylobacter jejuni Gram Stain

A

-

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17
Q

Giardia lamblia Gram Stain

A

neither - protozoa

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18
Q

GI tract causative organisms

A

Campylobacter & Giardia

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19
Q

CNS causative organisms

A

Neisseria Meningitidis

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20
Q

Genital tract causative organisms

A

Chlamydia, gonorrhea, trichomonas vaginalis, gardnerella vaginalis

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21
Q

Urinary tract causative organisms

A

E.coli, klebsiella, proteus mirabilis, staph saprophyticus

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22
Q

Skin causative organisms

A

Strep pyogenes (also tonsils), staph aureus

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23
Q

LRT pneumonia causative organisms

A

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

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24
Q

URT, Ears, Sinuses, LRT causative organisms

A

Haemophilus influenzae, strep pneumoniae, moraxella catarrhalis

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25
Q

B lactams mechanism

A

Interfere with cell wall synthesis

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26
Q

Two types of B lactams

A

Penicillins, cephalosporins

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27
Q

Types of penicillins (4)

A

Penicillin, flucloxacillin, amoxicillin, amoxicillin + clavulanic acid (augmentin)

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28
Q

Augmentin mechanism

A

Clavulanic acid is B lacatmase inhibitor therefore broader spectrum

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29
Q

Cephalosporins example 2nd gen

A

Cefuroxime

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30
Q

Cephalosporin example 3rd gen

A

Ceftriaxone

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31
Q

Cephalosporin as increase generation

A

Move from predominantly +ve to -ve cover

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32
Q

Macrolides mechanism

A

Inhibit bacterial protein synthesis

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33
Q

Macrolides examples (3)

A

Erythromycin, azithromycin, roxithromycin

34
Q

Macrolides are good for

A

A wide spread of activity including mycoplasma, not good for H, flu

35
Q

Quinolones mechanism

A

Inhibit bacterial DNA replication

36
Q

Quinolones examples (1)

A

Ciprofloxacin

37
Q

Quinolones broad or narrow

A

Broad - avoid if possible

38
Q

Sulphonamides mechansim

A

Inhibit bacterial folic acid synthesis

39
Q

Sulphonamide example

A

Trimethoprim (+sulfamethoxazole)

40
Q

Trimethoprim + Sulfamethoxazole name

A

Co-trimoxazole

41
Q

Trimethoprim only used alone in

42
Q

Tetracyclines mechanism

A

Inhibit bacterial protein synthesis

43
Q

Tetracyclines examples (2)

A

tetracycline, doxycycline

44
Q

Nitrofurantoin why good in UTI

A

Concentrates in urine

45
Q

Imidazoles example (1)

A

Metranidazole

46
Q

Imidazoles good for

A

Treatment of anaerobic infections & protozoa

47
Q

Strep throat site and severity

A

Pharynx & tonsils & can’t swallow (sames as EPV)

48
Q

Strep throat Tonsils vs EPV

A

large, red, may have pus
EPV - same but larger, pseudomembrane

49
Q

Strep throat timecourse

A

Aprupt onset, starts and stays in throat

50
Q

Strep throat lab

A

Bacterial swab, neutrophilia (mild)

51
Q

EPV lab

A

Lymphocytosis

52
Q

LN strep throat vs EPV

A

juguladigastric vs posterior triangle

53
Q

Liver & spleen Strep throat vs EPV

A

Strep no abnormalities, EPV may be enlargeed or tender

54
Q

RF high risk if

A

maori or pacifika, young, crowded housing, low SES

55
Q

Otitis media most common causative organisms

A

Moraxella catarrhalis, strep pneumonia, haemophilus influenza

or virus - influenza virus, rhinovirus, RSV

56
Q

Otitis media antibiotic & why

A

Amoxicillin - effective against gram -ve & +ve

57
Q

Otitis media antibiotic alternative options if allergy

A

Erythromycin, cefuroxime

58
Q

UTI first line treatment

A

Nitrofurantoin

59
Q

UTI treatment not effective why?

A

Resistance, not sensitive, non-compliance, mis-diagnosis (STI, pyelonephritis)

60
Q

Injury red streaks

A

Lymphaginitis

61
Q

Gardening injury think about

62
Q

Skin infection treatments

A

flucloxacillin

63
Q

Impetigo caused by

A

Staph aureus or strep pyogenes

64
Q

Impetigo treatment

A

Flucloxacillin
Antiseptic cream, test swab for sensitivities

65
Q

Impetigo not responding to treatment instead give(check)

A

Co-trimoxazole

66
Q

COPD exacerbations caused by

A

Strep pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, moraxella catarrhalis

67
Q

COPD treat with

A

Amoxicillin
+ bronchodilators, steroids
then augmentin if not responding, allergy - doxycline

68
Q

Chlamydia treatment

69
Q

Chlamydia treatment in pregnancy

A

Azithromycin

70
Q

Sinusitis causative organisms

A

Strep Pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, moraxella catarhalis

or Virus - rhinovirus etc

71
Q

Sinusitis antibiotic

A

Amoxicillin

72
Q

Sinusitis when to treat

A

> 10 days, often self resolving

73
Q

Strep throat treatment & length

A

10 days oral penicillin

74
Q

Explaining a medication key points

A

How it works, side effects & what to do about them, how & when to take it, when to stop taking it.

75
Q

Bite on skin

76
Q

Ask about when prescribing antibiotics

A

pregnancy & allergy

77
Q

Sinusitis treatment

A

Amoxicillin only if 10 days as usually viral, otherwise rest, fluids, paracetamol

78
Q

Meningitis antibiotic

A

ceftriaxone

79
Q

Impetigo treatment

A

Antiseptic then if reoccurs flucloxacillin

80
Q

Chlamydia treatment

A

1 gm stat azithromycin

GP (4 decks)

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