Antibiotics

Question 1

How does antimicrobial resistance come about?

Answer 1

Antibiotic use selects for resistant bacteria which can then take over as the dominant population

Question 2

What are the risks of antimicrobial use in food producing animals?

Answer 2

They can end up as residues in food products and can promote antimicrobial resistance.

Question 3

Describe the most common adverse effects encountered with antibiotic use.

Answer 3

Gastrointestinal upset (vomiting and diarrhea), disturbance of the normal gastrointestinal microbial flora and allergic reactions.

Question 4

Describe an important precaution required when giving doxycycline pills to cats and dogs

Answer 4

The pills need to be followed with 6 mls of water to prevent esophagitis or esophageal stricture.

Question 5

What drug is often included in topic opthalmic antibiotic drops? Why is this important?

Answer 5

Corticosteroids such as hydrocortisone, prednisolone and dexamethasone. It is important because corticosteroids will cause corneal injuries and ulcers to worsen dramatically and must be avoided in these conditions.

Question 6

Define antimicrobial drugs

Answer 6

Antimicrobial drugs are natural or synthetic products that prevent growth or kill microorganisms without harming the animal

Question 7

Which of the following are used as systemic antibiotics, topical antibiotics and as both?

Cefpodoxime (Simplicef)
Cephalexin
Silver sulfadiazine​​
Marbofloacin (Zeniquin)
Metronidazole ​
Clindamycin​
Mupirocin​
Doxycycline ​
Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid
Fusidic acid​
Cefovecin (Convenia)​
Enrofloxacin (Baytril)
Polymyxin B​

Answer 7

S = systemic
T = topical
B = both

Cefpodoxime (Simplicef) - S
Cephalexin - S
Silver sulfadiazine​​ - T
Marbofloacin (Zeniquin) - S & T
Metronidazole ​- S
Clindamycin​ - S
Mupirocin​ - T
Doxycycline ​- S
Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid - S
Fusidic acid​ - T
Cefovecin (Convenia)​ - S
Enrofloxacin (Baytril) - S
Polymyxin B​ - T