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Adult Cardiac > Antibiotics > Flashcards

Antibiotics Flashcards

1
Q

Are tetracyclines used during pregnancy?

A

No

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2
Q

At what age is it appropriate to prescribe a tetracycline to a child to prevent teeth staining?

A

8

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3
Q

A short course of Doxycycline is indicated in children with what disease?

A

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever

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4
Q

A Patient is prescribed doxycycline. What should I warn them about?

A

Sun exposure. Esophageal irritation (drink with a full glass of water. Not for women who are pregnant or breastfeeding.

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5
Q

What are the three main macrolides?

A

Erythromycin, Azithromycin Clarithromycin

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6
Q

Can macrolides be given in pregnancy?

A

yes

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7
Q

Clarithromycin and Erythromycin inhibit what metabolic pathway?

A

CYP34A. This means they often interact with other drugs.

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8
Q

Don’t give a macrolide to people with what?

A

Myasthenia Gravis

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9
Q

Avoid giving Macrolides with what medications because they increase their levels?

A

Warfarin, Stains, Amlodipine, Verapamil, Diltiazem, Amiodarone, salmeterol, theophylline

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10
Q

What is the first line antibiotic therapy for gonorrheal infections?

A

500mg IM Rocephin

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11
Q

First line therapy for abscesses and boils is what?

A

Bactrim or Cinda

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12
Q

Anaphylaxis and angioedema are mediated by what?

A

Type 1 IgE

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13
Q

Which patient’s are at greater risk of tendon rupture?

A

Those on steroids, age >65, and those with a history of organ transplant.

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14
Q

People with G6PD cannot take which antibiotic?

A

Sulfonamides

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15
Q

What groups should not take fluoroquinolones?

A

Children under 18 years, pregnant or breastfeeding women

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16
Q

What is first line therapy for CAP?

A

Amoxicillin, Doxycycline, or Macrolide

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17
Q

What is first line therapy for patients with CAP and co-morbid conditions?

A

A Macrolide or Doxycycline + Augmentin OR Fluoroquinolones alone

18
Q

Pelvic Inflammatory disease is treated with which combination of 3 drugs?

A

Doxycycline, Flagyl, & Ceftriaxone

19
Q

Which antibiotics are safe in pregnancy?

A

Cephalosporins, Amoxicillin, Macrolides (mycins), PCN

20
Q

Dog bites are treated with what antibiotic? They also need which vaccination?

A

Augmentin : Dogmentin, Tetanus

21
Q

CAP is treated with what three first line medications if the patient has no comorbidities and has not had antibiotics in the last 30 days?

A

MAD: Macrolides, Amoxicillin, & Doxycycline

22
Q

A patient with CAP who does have comorbidities or recent antibiotic use may be prescribed?

A

Fluroquinolones or Macrolide + Augmentin

23
Q

Does treating pertussis with azithromycin shorten symptoms?

A

No, it only slows the spread

24
Q

Flagyl has what 3 main side effects?

A

Disulfiram reaction, GI upset, and metallic taste

25
Q

Rifampin used to treat TB and bacterial meningitis does what?

A

turns secretions red and might damage the liver

26
Q

Strep is treated with what two antibiotics?

A

PCN and macrolides

27
Q

Purulent cellulitis can be treated with what 3 drugs?

A

BCD: Bactrim, Clinda, Doxy

28
Q

Vancomycin is toxic to what?

A

Ears and kidneys

29
Q

Warn your patients about pain where with use of the Fluroquinolones?

A

Heel pain

30
Q

Sulfonamides are notorious for causing what? Warn patients about what symptoms?

A

Steven’s Johnson Syndrome, Bloody, scaly rash, and flu-like symptoms

31
Q

One of the most common opporuntistic infections in those with HIV is PJP Pneumocystis Jiroveci. What do we give as prophylaxis?

A

Bactrim

32
Q

H. Pylori is treated with triple therapy and quadruple therapy. What drugs are indicated in each?

A

Triple therapy: CAP clarithromycin, Amoxicillin, PPI if PCN allergic give Flagyl

Quadruple therapy: Treat My (F) Belly Pain
Tetracycline, Metronidazole (flagyl), Bismuth Sulfate, PPI

33
Q

Chlamydia is treated with what?

A

Azithromycin

34
Q

Gonorrhea is treated with what?

A

Ceftriaxone (Rocephin)

35
Q

Antiretroviral therapy is needed with what CD 4 count?

A

<350

36
Q

AIDS is diagnosed with what CD 4 count?

A

<200

37
Q

Which TB drug is preferred in children ages 2-11years?

A

INH Isoniazid

38
Q

How long should persons on INH with HIV or Children be treated for?

A

9-12 months

39
Q

INH+Rifapentine can be given as treatment for latent TB over 12 weeks however the patient must be over what age?

A

12 years. Avoid in those with HIV or who may become pregnant.

40
Q

Rifampin is given over how many months?

A

4mos. but not to those with HIV.

41
Q

INH can cause what?

A

Fatal Hepatitis, Elevated liver enzymes, and peripheral neuropathy. Give vitamin B6.

42
Q

Pregnant women should be given what drug to treat Latent TB? What vitamin should be given with it? For how many months? Can they breastfeed?

A

INH. B6. 9 months. Yes!

Adult Cardiac (5 decks)

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