Antibiotics

Question 1

Are tetracyclines used during pregnancy?

Answer 1

No

Question 2

At what age is it appropriate to prescribe a tetracycline to a child to prevent teeth staining?

Answer 2

8

Question 3

A short course of Doxycycline is indicated in children with what disease?

Answer 3

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever

Question 4

A Patient is prescribed doxycycline. What should I warn them about?

Answer 4

Sun exposure. Esophageal irritation (drink with a full glass of water. Not for women who are pregnant or breastfeeding.

Question 5

What are the three main macrolides?

Answer 5

Erythromycin, Azithromycin Clarithromycin

Question 6

Can macrolides be given in pregnancy?

Answer 6

yes

Question 7

Clarithromycin and Erythromycin inhibit what metabolic pathway?

Answer 7

CYP34A. This means they often interact with other drugs.

Question 8

Don’t give a macrolide to people with what?

Answer 8

Myasthenia Gravis

Question 9

Avoid giving Macrolides with what medications because they increase their levels?

Answer 9

Warfarin, Stains, Amlodipine, Verapamil, Diltiazem, Amiodarone, salmeterol, theophylline

Question 10

What is the first line antibiotic therapy for gonorrheal infections?

Answer 10

500mg IM Rocephin

Question 11

First line therapy for abscesses and boils is what?

Answer 11

Bactrim or Cinda

Question 12

Anaphylaxis and angioedema are mediated by what?

Answer 12

Type 1 IgE

Question 13

Which patient’s are at greater risk of tendon rupture?

Answer 13

Those on steroids, age >65, and those with a history of organ transplant.

Question 14

People with G6PD cannot take which antibiotic?

Answer 14

Sulfonamides

Question 15

What groups should not take fluoroquinolones?

Answer 15

Children under 18 years, pregnant or breastfeeding women

Question 16

What is first line therapy for CAP?

Answer 16

Amoxicillin, Doxycycline, or Macrolide

Question 17

What is first line therapy for patients with CAP and co-morbid conditions?

Answer 17

A Macrolide or Doxycycline + Augmentin OR Fluoroquinolones alone

Question 18

Pelvic Inflammatory disease is treated with which combination of 3 drugs?

Answer 18

Doxycycline, Flagyl, & Ceftriaxone

Question 19

Which antibiotics are safe in pregnancy?

Answer 19

Cephalosporins, Amoxicillin, Macrolides (mycins), PCN

Question 20

Dog bites are treated with what antibiotic? They also need which vaccination?

Answer 20

Augmentin : Dogmentin, Tetanus

Question 21

CAP is treated with what three first line medications if the patient has no comorbidities and has not had antibiotics in the last 30 days?

Answer 21

MAD: Macrolides, Amoxicillin, & Doxycycline

Question 22

A patient with CAP who does have comorbidities or recent antibiotic use may be prescribed?

Answer 22

Fluroquinolones or Macrolide + Augmentin

Question 23

Does treating pertussis with azithromycin shorten symptoms?

Answer 23

No, it only slows the spread

Question 24

Flagyl has what 3 main side effects?

Answer 24

Disulfiram reaction, GI upset, and metallic taste

Question 25

Rifampin used to treat TB and bacterial meningitis does what?

Answer 25

turns secretions red and might damage the liver

Question 26

Strep is treated with what two antibiotics?

Answer 26

PCN and macrolides

Question 27

Purulent cellulitis can be treated with what 3 drugs?

Answer 27

BCD: Bactrim, Clinda, Doxy

Question 28

Vancomycin is toxic to what?

Answer 28

Ears and kidneys

Question 29

Warn your patients about pain where with use of the Fluroquinolones?

Answer 29

Heel pain

Question 30

Sulfonamides are notorious for causing what? Warn patients about what symptoms?

Answer 30

Steven's Johnson Syndrome, Bloody, scaly rash, and flu-like symptoms

Question 31

One of the most common opporuntistic infections in those with HIV is PJP Pneumocystis Jiroveci. What do we give as prophylaxis?

Answer 31

Bactrim

Question 32

H. Pylori is treated with triple therapy and quadruple therapy. What drugs are indicated in each?

Answer 32

Triple therapy: CAP clarithromycin, Amoxicillin, PPI if PCN allergic give Flagyl Quadruple therapy: Treat My (F) Belly Pain Tetracycline, Metronidazole (flagyl), Bismuth Sulfate, PPI

Question 33

Chlamydia is treated with what?

Answer 33

Azithromycin

Question 34

Gonorrhea is treated with what?

Answer 34

Ceftriaxone (Rocephin)

Question 35

Antiretroviral therapy is needed with what CD 4 count?

Answer 35

<350

Question 36

AIDS is diagnosed with what CD 4 count?

Answer 36

<200

Question 37

Which TB drug is preferred in children ages 2-11years?

Answer 37

INH Isoniazid

Question 38

How long should persons on INH with HIV or Children be treated for?

Answer 38

9-12 months

Question 39

INH+Rifapentine can be given as treatment for latent TB over 12 weeks however the patient must be over what age?

Answer 39

12 years. Avoid in those with HIV or who may become pregnant.

Question 40

Rifampin is given over how many months?

Answer 40

4mos. but not to those with HIV.

Question 41

INH can cause what?

Answer 41

Fatal Hepatitis, Elevated liver enzymes, and peripheral neuropathy. Give vitamin B6.

Question 42

Pregnant women should be given what drug to treat Latent TB? What vitamin should be given with it? For how many months? Can they breastfeed?

Answer 42

INH. B6. 9 months. Yes!