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PHARMACOLOGY > Antibiotics > Flashcards

Antibiotics Flashcards

1
Q

Name 3 antibiotics that target DNA replication

A

Ciprofloxacin
Levofloxacin
Metronidazole

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2
Q

Name 2 antibiotics that target folate synthesis

A

Trimethoprim

Methotrexate

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3
Q

Name 3 antibiotics that target protein synthesis

A 
Tetracycline
Doxycycline 
Chloramphenicol
Gentamycin
Erythromycin
Clarithromycin
Clindamycin
Linezolid
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4
Q

Name 3 antibiotics that target cell wall synthesis

A 
ceftriaxone
carbapenems
penicillin V
amoxicillin
flucloxacillin
vancomycin
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5
Q

Name 3 antibiotics that target RNA synthesis

A

Rifampicin
Ethambutol
Isoniazid
Pyrazinamide

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6
Q

Tetracyclines

A

doxycycline, tetracycline

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7
Q

Macrolides

A

erythromycin
azithromycin
clarithromycin

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8
Q

Aminoglycosides

A

gentamycin
tobramycin
streptomycin

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9
Q

Cephalosporins

A

cefuroxime
ceftriaxone
cefacalor

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10
Q

Fluroquinolones

A

ciprofloxacin
levofloxacin
gemifloxacin

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11
Q

Rifampicin side effects

A

orange pee and sweat

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12
Q

Isoniazid side effects

A

hepatitis and neuropathy

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13
Q

Pyrazinamide side effects

A

hepatitis and joint pain

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14
Q

Ethambutol side effects

A

blindness

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15
Q

Metronidazole covers…

A

anaerobes

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16
Q

Gentamicin covers…

A

gram negatives

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17
Q

UTI Abx

A

Nitrofurantoin or trimethoprim for 3/7 days

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18
Q

Tonsillitis Abx

A

FeverPAIN >3

penicillin / clarithromycin 5 days

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19
Q

CAP Pneumonia Abx

A

mild / mod - penicillin / doxycycline (5days)

severe - co-amoxiclav + doxycycline

20
Q

HAP Pneumonia Abx

A

Mild / Moderate - Penicillin / doxycycline (5 days)

Severe - IV amoxicillin + gentamicin

21
Q

Penicillin allergic sepsis of unknown origin Abx

A

IV vancomycin, metronidazole and gentamycin

22
Q

Meningitis Abx

A

ceftriaxone and IV dexamethasone
+ acyclovir if encephalitis suspected
+ amoxicillin if immunocomprimised or <3mths / >60yrs (listeria cover)

23
Q

subacute native valve endocarditis Abx

A

amoxicillin + gentamycin

24
Q

acute native valve endocarditis Abx

A

flucloxacillin

25
Q

prosthetic valve / suspected MRSA endocarditis Abx

A

vancomycin + gentamicin

26
Q

Cellulitis Abx

A

flucloxacillin / doxycycline 5-7 days

27
Q

open fracture prophylaxis Abx

A

Cefuroxime 1.5g every 8 hrs max 3 days (start within 3 hrs)

28
Q

Acute septic arthritis or osteomyelitis

A

IV flucloxacillin

29
Q

Diabetic foot infection

A

mild - PO flucloxacillin (7days)

mod - flucloxacillin + metronidazole (7days)

30
Q

C.Diff Infection

A

non-severe - metronidazole (10 days)

severe - vancomycin +/- metronidazole (10 days)

31
Q

Recurrent C.Diff infection within 12 wks of positive stool test

A

Fidaxomicin 10 days

32
Q

Acute COPD exacerbation Abx

A
  1. amoxicillin 500mg tds

2. doxycycline

33
Q

Pyelonephritis Abx

A

co-trimoxazole or co-amoxiclav

34
Q

Uncomplicated chlamydia

A

doxycycline 100mg bd (7days) or azithromycin (3days)

35
Q

Mastitis

A

If symptoms don’t improve after 12-24 hrs then use flucloxacillin or clindamycin

36
Q

Breast Abscess

A

Flucloxacillin or clindamycin (7-10 days) + drainage

37
Q

Orbital Cellulitis

A

IV flucloxacillin, ceftrixone +/- metronidazole

step down = oral co-amoxiclav

38
Q

Glandular fever Abx

A

NONE - if started stop any antibiotics unless underlying secondary infection

39
Q

Bacterial conjunctivitis Abx

A

topical chloramphenicol

40
Q

Endophthalmitis

A

intravitreal vancomycin + ceftazidime

41
Q

Antibiotics that cause C.Diff

A

Clindamycin
Clarithromycin
Co-amoxiclav
Ciprofloxacin

42
Q

doxycycline and tetracycline side effects

A

hepatoxicity, teeth staining, photosensitivity, dysphagia

43
Q

macrolides - azithromycin, clarithromycin and erythromycin side effects

A

GI disturbance, hepatitis and prolonged QT

44
Q

Enzyme dependent drugs such as … may have reduced clearance by antipsychotics such as carbamazepine

A
  • Erythromycin
  • Clarithromycin
  • Isoniazid
  • Metronidazole
  • Ciprofloxacin
45
Q

Broad spectrum abx can cause…

A
  • failure of oral contraceptives

- increased INR in warfarin patients

PHARMACOLOGY (2 decks)

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