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Phase 2A revision > ANTIBIOTICS > Flashcards

ANTIBIOTICS Flashcards

1
Q

which types of antibiotics inhibit cell wall synthesis?

A

glycopeptides

beta lactams - penicillins, cephalosporins, carbapenems

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2
Q

give an example of a glycopeptides

A

vancomycin

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3
Q

give an example of a penicillin

A

benzylpenicillin
flucloxacillin
ampicillin/amoxicillin

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4
Q

give an example of a cephalosporin

A

cefuroxime

ceftazidime

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5
Q

give an example of a carbapenem

A

imipenem

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6
Q

what are the different types of beta lactam antibiotics?

A

penicillins
cephalosporins
carbapenems
monobactams

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7
Q

what are the different ways that antibiotics can inhibit nucleic acid synthesis?

A
  • inhibit folate synthesis
  • inhibit DNA gyrase
  • bind to RNA polymerase
  • break DNA strand
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8
Q

what types of antibiotics inhibit folate synthesis?

A

trimethoprim

co-trimoxazole

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9
Q

what types of antibiotics inhibit DNA gyrase?

A

fluoroquinolones

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10
Q

give an example of a fluoroquinolone

A

ciprofloxacin

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11
Q

what type of antibiotics inhibit nucleic acid synthesis by binding to RNA polymerase?

A

rifampicin

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12
Q

what type of antibiotics inhibit nucleic acid synthesis by breaking DNA strands?

A

metronidazole

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13
Q

which types of antibiotics inhibit protein synthesis?

A

chloramphenicol
macrolides
tetracyclines
aminoglycosides

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14
Q

give an example of macrolides

A

clarithromycin

erythromycin

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15
Q

give an example of tetracyclines

A

tetracycline

doxycycline

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16
Q

give an example of aminoglycosides

A

gentamycin

streptomycin

17
Q

what are the mechanisms of action for antibiotics?

A
  • inhibit cell wall synthesis
  • inhibit nucleic acid synthesis
  • inhibit protein synthesis
18
Q

what is the mechanism of action for glycopeptides?

A

inhibit cell wall synthesis

19
Q

what is the mechanism of action for beta lactams?

A

inhibit cell wall synthesis

20
Q

what is the mechanism of action for trimethoprim?

A

inhibit nucleic acid synthesis - inhibit folate synthesis

21
Q

what is the mechanism of action for fluoroquinolones?

A

inhibit nucleic acid synthesis - inhibit DNA gyrase

22
Q

what is the mechanism of action for rifampicin?

A

inhibit nucleic acid synthesis - bind to RNA polymerase

23
Q

what is the mechanism of action for metronidazole?

A

inhibit nucleic acid synthesis - break DNA strands

24
Q

what is the mechanism of action for chloramphenicol?

A

inhibit protein synthesis

25
Q

what is the mechanism of action for macrolides?

A

inhibit protein synthesis

26
Q

what is the mechanism of action for tetracyclines?

A

inhibit protein synthesis

27
Q

what is the mechanism of action for aminoglycosides?

A

inhibit protein synthesis

28
Q

What type of bacteria does Nitrofurantoin act on and what is it used to treat?

A

Gram -ve and +ve bacteria

First line UTI treatment

Phase 2A revision (38 decks)

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