ANTIBIOTICS Flashcards
which types of antibiotics inhibit cell wall synthesis?
glycopeptides
beta lactams - penicillins, cephalosporins, carbapenems
give an example of a glycopeptides
vancomycin
give an example of a penicillin
benzylpenicillin
flucloxacillin
ampicillin/amoxicillin
give an example of a cephalosporin
cefuroxime
ceftazidime
give an example of a carbapenem
imipenem
what are the different types of beta lactam antibiotics?
penicillins
cephalosporins
carbapenems
monobactams
what are the different ways that antibiotics can inhibit nucleic acid synthesis?
- inhibit folate synthesis
- inhibit DNA gyrase
- bind to RNA polymerase
- break DNA strand
what types of antibiotics inhibit folate synthesis?
trimethoprim
co-trimoxazole
what types of antibiotics inhibit DNA gyrase?
fluoroquinolones
give an example of a fluoroquinolone
ciprofloxacin
what type of antibiotics inhibit nucleic acid synthesis by binding to RNA polymerase?
rifampicin
what type of antibiotics inhibit nucleic acid synthesis by breaking DNA strands?
metronidazole
which types of antibiotics inhibit protein synthesis?
chloramphenicol
macrolides
tetracyclines
aminoglycosides
give an example of macrolides
clarithromycin
erythromycin
give an example of tetracyclines
tetracycline
doxycycline
give an example of aminoglycosides
gentamycin
streptomycin
what are the mechanisms of action for antibiotics?
- inhibit cell wall synthesis
- inhibit nucleic acid synthesis
- inhibit protein synthesis
what is the mechanism of action for glycopeptides?
inhibit cell wall synthesis
what is the mechanism of action for beta lactams?
inhibit cell wall synthesis
what is the mechanism of action for trimethoprim?
inhibit nucleic acid synthesis - inhibit folate synthesis
what is the mechanism of action for fluoroquinolones?
inhibit nucleic acid synthesis - inhibit DNA gyrase
what is the mechanism of action for rifampicin?
inhibit nucleic acid synthesis - bind to RNA polymerase
what is the mechanism of action for metronidazole?
inhibit nucleic acid synthesis - break DNA strands
what is the mechanism of action for chloramphenicol?
inhibit protein synthesis