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Phase 2A revision > ANTIBIOTICS > Flashcards

ANTIBIOTICS Flashcards

1
Q

which types of antibiotics inhibit cell wall synthesis?

A

glycopeptides

beta lactams - penicillins, cephalosporins, carbapenems

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2
Q

give an example of a glycopeptides

A

vancomycin

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3
Q

give an example of a penicillin

A

benzylpenicillin
flucloxacillin
ampicillin/amoxicillin

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4
Q

give an example of a cephalosporin

A

cefuroxime

ceftazidime

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5
Q

give an example of a carbapenem

A

imipenem

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6
Q

what are the different types of beta lactam antibiotics?

A

penicillins
cephalosporins
carbapenems
monobactams

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7
Q

what are the different ways that antibiotics can inhibit nucleic acid synthesis?

A
  • inhibit folate synthesis
  • inhibit DNA gyrase
  • bind to RNA polymerase
  • break DNA strand
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8
Q

what types of antibiotics inhibit folate synthesis?

A

trimethoprim

co-trimoxazole

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9
Q

what types of antibiotics inhibit DNA gyrase?

A

fluoroquinolones

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10
Q

give an example of a fluoroquinolone

A

ciprofloxacin

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11
Q

what type of antibiotics inhibit nucleic acid synthesis by binding to RNA polymerase?

A

rifampicin

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12
Q

what type of antibiotics inhibit nucleic acid synthesis by breaking DNA strands?

A

metronidazole

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13
Q

which types of antibiotics inhibit protein synthesis?

A

chloramphenicol
macrolides
tetracyclines
aminoglycosides

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14
Q

give an example of macrolides

A

clarithromycin

erythromycin

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15
Q

give an example of tetracyclines

A

tetracycline

doxycycline

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16
Q

give an example of aminoglycosides

A

gentamycin

streptomycin

17
Q

what are the mechanisms of action for antibiotics?

A
  • inhibit cell wall synthesis
  • inhibit nucleic acid synthesis
  • inhibit protein synthesis
18
Q

what is the mechanism of action for glycopeptides?

A

inhibit cell wall synthesis

19
Q

what is the mechanism of action for beta lactams?

A

inhibit cell wall synthesis

20
Q

what is the mechanism of action for trimethoprim?

A

inhibit nucleic acid synthesis - inhibit folate synthesis

21
Q

what is the mechanism of action for fluoroquinolones?

A

inhibit nucleic acid synthesis - inhibit DNA gyrase

22
Q

what is the mechanism of action for rifampicin?

A

inhibit nucleic acid synthesis - bind to RNA polymerase

23
Q

what is the mechanism of action for metronidazole?

A

inhibit nucleic acid synthesis - break DNA strands

24
Q

what is the mechanism of action for chloramphenicol?

A

inhibit protein synthesis

25
what is the mechanism of action for macrolides?
inhibit protein synthesis
26
what is the mechanism of action for tetracyclines?
inhibit protein synthesis
27
what is the mechanism of action for aminoglycosides?
inhibit protein synthesis
28
What type of bacteria does Nitrofurantoin act on and what is it used to treat?
Gram -ve and +ve bacteria | First line UTI treatment

Phase 2A revision (38 decks)

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