antibiotics

Question 1

what is the abs of choice for a CAP?

Answer 1

amoxicillin - doxy or clarythromycin if penicillin allergic

add fluclox if staph infection suspected e.g. influenza

Question 2

what is the treatment for HAP?

Answer 2

5 days admission with co-amoxiclav or cefuroxime

> 5 days give tazocin or cipro

Question 3

what is given for acute prostatitis?

Answer 3

trimethoprim

Question 4

what is given for skin infections?

Answer 4

flucloxacillin or clarythromycin if pen allergic

Question 5

what is given for otitis media?

Answer 5

amoxicillin or erythromycin if pen allergic

Question 6

first episode c.diff?

Answer 6

oral vancomycin

Question 7

which disease is gentamicin contraindicated in?

Answer 7

myasthenia gravis

Question 8

which drug increases the nephrotoxicity risk of gentamicin?

Answer 8

furosemide

Question 9

how is gentamicin monitored?

Answer 9

• peak serum plasma levels are checked 1 hour after administration and trough levels are checked before the next dose
• if the trough level is high then the interval between doses needs to be increased
• if the peak level is high then the dose needs to be decreased

Question 10

how is a nomogram used for gentamicin monitoring?

Answer 10

• time between the start of the infusion (x axis) is plotted against the plasma concentrations (y axis)
• if the plot falls in the 24hr range then continue with regular dosing
• if it falls in the 36hr range then dose every 36hrs
• if it falls in the 48hr range then dose every 48hrs