Antibioticos Flashcards

1
Q

Bacteroiostatico

A

Tetraciclina

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2
Q

Espectro reducido

A

Vancomicina (gram +)
Gentamicina (gram -)

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3
Q

Espectro amplio

A

Penicilina
Ampicilina

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4
Q

B lactamicos (afecta síntesis pared celular)

A

Se unen a la enzima transpeptidasa (PBP)
Penicilina

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5
Q

Glicopeptidos (afecta síntesis pared celular)

A

Se unen al sustrato de la PBP (el extremo terminal en d-alanina d alanina)
Solo en gram +
Vancomicina

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6
Q

ATB afecta integridad o desteuccion de la membrana

A

Polimixinas
Solo en gram -
Interactúan con el LPS

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7
Q

ATB inhibe síntesis de proteínas

A

Interactúan con las subunidades de los ribosomas

Cloranfenicol: une a S mayor
Estreptomicina: unes. S menor
Tratracuclinas: impide unión tRNA y mRNA

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8
Q

Inhibe síntesis ADN

A

Quinilonas
Interactúan con las giradas bacterianas
-floxacinas

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9
Q

Inhibición síntesis RNA

A

Interactúan con la rna polimerasa dependiente de DNA
Rifamicina
Rifampcina

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10
Q

Inhibición ácido fólico

A

Sulfonamida
Estructura similar al PABA (precursor) , inhibe competitivamente la enzima
-sulfametroxato

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11
Q

Sulfonamida + trimetoprim

A

La primera inhibe a la dihidropterato sintasa
La segunda a la dihidrofolato redactasa

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