Antibiotic Specifics Flashcards
What are the drugs of choice for MSSA?
Penicillinase-resistant pencillins.
Nafcillin
Oxacilin
Dicloxacillin
OR
First gen cephalosporins
Cefazolin
Cephalexin
Cefadroxil
What drugs undergo biliary excretion and are the only penicillins that do NOT require renal dosing?
Nafcillin and Oxacillin
Which penicillinase-resistant penicillin is most preferred and why?
Oxacillin.
Nafcillin has a higher incidence of acute interstitial nephritis.
What is the drug of choice for Enterococcus spp?
Aminopencillins
Ampicillin
Amoxicillin
What drug has almost identical coverage to an aminopencillin with added G- coverage?
ES penicillins
Piperacillin
What drugs can cover acinetobacter spp?
Piperacillin/Tazobactam
Ampicillin/sulbactam
Cefepime
What is the only beta-lactamase inhibitor that can function alone?
Sulbactam
What are common adverse effects of all cephalosporins?
Pain at injection site (IM)
Hypersensitivity cross-reactivity with penicillin at a 1% rate.
What drug is more commonly used for minor MSSA?
Oxacillin
What cephalosporin has major interaction potential with warfarin and why?
Cefotetan, because it has MTT side chains.
Which cephalosporin is good for respiratory tract infections?
Cefuroxime
What two 2nd gen cephalosporins have anaerobic coverage?
Cefotetan
Cefoxitin
Which two cephalosporins have antipseudomonal activity?
Ceftazidime
Cefepime
What cephalosporin has very poor G+ activity?
Ceftazidime
What cephalosporin specifically has 0 anaerobic coverage?
Cefepime
What is the only cephalosporin that works against MRSA?
Ceftaroline
What drug is mainly used for DTR/MDR pseudomonas?
Ceftolozane/tazobactam
What drug requires 2x dosing against pseudomonas?
Ceftolozane/tazobactam
What is the drug of choice for ESBL infections?
Carbapenems
Which carbapenem CANNOT be used for pseudomonas?
Ertapenem
What drugs can be used for KPCs/CRE?
Ceftazidime/avibactam (main?)
Cifederocol
Meropenem/vaborbactam
Imipenem/relebactam
Eravacycline
Gentamicin
Tobramycin
Amikacin
Plazomicin
Note:
3rd gen cephalo + avi
Siderophore cephalo
Carbapenem w/ beta lactamase inhibitors
Eravacycline
Aminoglycosides
New aminoglycosides
CC SEAN for CREs
What drugs can treat MRSA?
Vancomycin
Daptomycin
Telavancin (2nd line)
Delafloxacin
Sulfamethoxazole-Trimethoprim
Tetracycline
Doxycycline
Minocycline
Omadacycline
Eravacycline
Plazomicin
Clindamycin
Linezolid
Tedizolid
Note:
Vanco (glycopeptide)
Dapto (Cyclic glycopeptides)
Delafloxacin
Tetracyclines
New Tetracyclines
New aminoglycosides
Lincosamide
Oxazolidinones
Folate Antagonist
Telavancin
Ceftaroline (only cephalosporin!!!!!!)
Note:
Never Give The Drugs To New Flimsy Lame-O Crazy Cops
What drugs can treat VRE?
Daptomycin
Oritavancin
Omadacycline
Eravacycline
Linezolid
Tedizolid
Pleuromutilin (no good data yet?)
Note:
New tetracyclines
Oxazolidinones
Oritavancin
Daptomycin (Cyclic glycopeptide)
Pleuromutilins
Note:
NCOOP
What drug is used for MDR G- bacteria?
Cell membrane agents:
Colistin
Polymixin E
Polymixin B
What drug classes can treat atypicals?
Tetracyclines
FQs
New tetracyclines
Macrolides
Pleuromutilins
Note:
The Nude Fat Man Poops
What drugs can treat pseudomonas?
Choose 1 from each Row:
Row 1:
Piperacillin/tazobactam
Ceftazidime
Cefepime
Imipenem/cilastatin
Meropenem
Doripenem (no longer used clinically)
Aztreonam
Row 2:
Ciprofloxacin
Levofloxacin
Amikacin
Tobramycin
Gentamicin
Note:
FQs preferred over aminoglycosides dt nephrotoxicity
What drugs can treat C. diff?
Oral vancomycin
Fidaxomicin
What drugs can cause C. diff symptoms?
FQs (extended use)
Clindamycin (BBW)
What drugs have anaerobic coverage?
Moxifloxacin (somewhat)
Metronidazole (specifically for anaerobes)
Tetracyclines (except bacteroides)
New tetracyclines
Clindamycin (except B. fragilis)
Natural pencillins (Mouth ones)
Aminopenicillins
ES Penicillins
Cefotetan
Cefoxitin
Carbapenems
All PCNs except penicillinase
Tin Tan Carbs
Note:
Bacteroides is specifically G-, and has more specific coverage than G+ anaerobes.
