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(D) Pharmacology > Antibiotic Specifics > Flashcards

Antibiotic Specifics Flashcards

1
Q

What are the drugs of choice for MSSA?

A

Penicillinase-resistant pencillins.

Nafcillin
Oxacilin
Dicloxacillin

OR

First gen cephalosporins

Cefazolin
Cephalexin
Cefadroxil

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2
Q

What drugs undergo biliary excretion and are the only penicillins that do NOT require renal dosing?

A

Nafcillin and Oxacillin

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3
Q

Which penicillinase-resistant penicillin is most preferred and why?

A

Oxacillin.

Nafcillin has a higher incidence of acute interstitial nephritis.

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4
Q

What is the drug of choice for Enterococcus spp?

A

Aminopencillins

Ampicillin
Amoxicillin

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5
Q

What drug has almost identical coverage to an aminopencillin with added G- coverage?

A

ES penicillins

Piperacillin

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6
Q

What drugs can cover acinetobacter spp?

A

Piperacillin/Tazobactam
Ampicillin/sulbactam
Cefepime

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7
Q

What is the only beta-lactamase inhibitor that can function alone?

A

Sulbactam

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8
Q

What are common adverse effects of all cephalosporins?

A

Pain at injection site (IM)

Hypersensitivity cross-reactivity with penicillin at a 1% rate.

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9
Q

What drug is more commonly used for minor MSSA?

A

Oxacillin

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10
Q

What cephalosporin has major interaction potential with warfarin and why?

A

Cefotetan, because it has MTT side chains.

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11
Q

Which cephalosporin is good for respiratory tract infections?

A

Cefuroxime

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12
Q

What two 2nd gen cephalosporins have anaerobic coverage?

A

Cefotetan
Cefoxitin

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13
Q

Which two cephalosporins have antipseudomonal activity?

A

Ceftazidime
Cefepime

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14
Q

What cephalosporin has very poor G+ activity?

A

Ceftazidime

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15
Q

What cephalosporin specifically has 0 anaerobic coverage?

A

Cefepime

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16
Q

What is the only cephalosporin that works against MRSA?

A

Ceftaroline

17
Q

What drug is mainly used for DTR/MDR pseudomonas?

A

Ceftolozane/tazobactam

18
Q

What drug requires 2x dosing against pseudomonas?

A

Ceftolozane/tazobactam

19
Q

What is the drug of choice for ESBL infections?

A

Carbapenems

20
Q

Which carbapenem CANNOT be used for pseudomonas?

A

Ertapenem

21
Q

What drugs can be used for KPCs/CRE?

A

Ceftazidime/avibactam (main?)
Cifederocol
Meropenem/vaborbactam
Imipenem/relebactam
Eravacycline
Gentamicin
Tobramycin
Amikacin
Plazomicin

Note:
3rd gen cephalo + avi
Siderophore cephalo
Carbapenem w/ beta lactamase inhibitors
Eravacycline
Aminoglycosides
New aminoglycosides

CC SEAN for CREs

22
Q

What drugs can treat MRSA?

A

Vancomycin
Daptomycin
Telavancin (2nd line)
Delafloxacin
Sulfamethoxazole-Trimethoprim
Tetracycline
Doxycycline
Minocycline
Omadacycline
Eravacycline
Plazomicin
Clindamycin
Linezolid
Tedizolid

Note:
Vanco (glycopeptide)
Dapto (Cyclic glycopeptides)
Delafloxacin
Tetracyclines
New Tetracyclines
New aminoglycosides
Lincosamide
Oxazolidinones
Folate Antagonist
Telavancin
Ceftaroline (only cephalosporin!!!!!!)

Note:
Never Give The Drugs To New Flimsy Lame-O Crazy Cops

23
Q

What drugs can treat VRE?

A

Daptomycin
Oritavancin
Omadacycline
Eravacycline
Linezolid
Tedizolid
Pleuromutilin (no good data yet?)

Note:
New tetracyclines
Oxazolidinones
Oritavancin
Daptomycin (Cyclic glycopeptide)
Pleuromutilins

Note:
NCOOP

24
Q

What drug is used for MDR G- bacteria?

A

Cell membrane agents:
Colistin
Polymixin E
Polymixin B

25
Q

What drug classes can treat atypicals?

A

Tetracyclines
FQs
New tetracyclines
Macrolides
Pleuromutilins

Note:
The Nude Fat Man Poops

26
Q

What drugs can treat pseudomonas?

A

Choose 1 from each Row:

Row 1:
Piperacillin/tazobactam
Ceftazidime
Cefepime
Imipenem/cilastatin
Meropenem
Doripenem (no longer used clinically)
Aztreonam

Row 2:
Ciprofloxacin
Levofloxacin
Amikacin
Tobramycin
Gentamicin

Note:
FQs preferred over aminoglycosides dt nephrotoxicity

27
Q

What drugs can treat C. diff?

A

Oral vancomycin
Fidaxomicin

28
Q

What drugs can cause C. diff symptoms?

A

FQs (extended use)
Clindamycin (BBW)

29
Q

What drugs have anaerobic coverage?

A

Moxifloxacin (somewhat)
Metronidazole (specifically for anaerobes)
Tetracyclines (except bacteroides)
New tetracyclines
Clindamycin (except B. fragilis)

Natural pencillins (Mouth ones)
Aminopenicillins
ES Penicillins
Cefotetan
Cefoxitin
Carbapenems

All PCNs except penicillinase
Tin Tan Carbs

Note:
Bacteroides is specifically G-, and has more specific coverage than G+ anaerobes.

(D) Pharmacology (18 decks)

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