Antibiotic Sensitivity - Kirby Bauer Diffusion Test

Question 1

Agent that kills bacterial upon exposure.

Answer 1

Bactericidal

Question 2

Agent naturally produced by microorganisms.

Answer 2

Antibiotic

Question 3

Agent that slows the growth of bacteria.

Answer 3

Bacteriostatic

Question 4

Agent artificially synthesized or manipulated from other products.

Answer 4

Antimicrobial

Question 5

Targets DNA gyrase, preventing DNA replication within a cell.

Answer 5

Novobiocin

Question 6

Disrupts cell wall stability, eventually leading to cell lysis.

Answer 6

Penicillin

Question 7

Binds with bacterial ribosomes to prevent cell growth and cell division.

Answer 7

Gentamicin

Question 8

Blank are synthetic substances developed in the laboratory that mimic the effects of antibiotics.

Answer 8

antimicrobials

Question 9

The mold that Alexander Fleming observed preventing bacterial growth was _____.

Aspergillus

Streptococcus pyogenes

Penicillium notatum

None of the above

Answer 9

Penicillium notatum - correct

Question 10

T/F Many types of bacteria have gained resistance to antimicrobials at an astonishing rate.​

Answer 10

T

Question 11

Penicillin is a bactericidal, narrow spectrum drug that targets primarily Gram-

Answer 11

Positive bacteria

Question 12

How does penicillin disrupt the formation of bacterial cell walls?

Answer 12

Penicillin disrupts the formation of bacterial cell walls by inhibiting the formation of peptidoglycan cross-links, resulting in cell lysis and ultimately cell death

Question 13

T/F Penicillin is considered bactericidal since it leads to cell death.

Answer 13

T

Question 14

Penicillin disrupts the formation of bacterial cell walls by inhibiting the formation of _____ cross-links.

Answer 14

Peptidoglycan

Question 15

T/F Novobiocin is a bacteriostatic, narrow-spectrum antibiotic that targets DNA gyrase in some Gram-positive bacteria.

Answer 15

T

Question 16

True/False: Novobiocin is produced by the bacteria, Streptomyces.

Answer 16

True

Question 17

Novobiocin is a bacteriostatic, narrow-spectrum antibiotic that targets _____ in some Gram-positive bacteria.

Answer 17

DNA gyrase

Question 18

T/F Bacteriostatic antibiotics cause an inhibition of growth rather than cell lysis and death.

Answer 18

True

Question 19

T/F Gentamicin is a narrow spectrum, bactericidal antibiotic that targets aerobic, Gram-negative bacteria and Gram-positive Staphylococcus.

Answer 19

t

Question 20

Gentamicin binds with bacterial _____.

Answer 20

ribosomes

Question 21

What is zone of inhibition ?

Answer 21

The diameter of this zone of inhibition is measured in millimeters and compared to a chart that links the size of the zone of inhibition to the dosage that is often administered to a patient. The diameter of the zone is dependent on the sensitivity of a microorganism to a particular antibiotic and the physical properties of the antibiotic itself.

Question 22

T/F: The effective zone of inhibition is the same for all antibiotics.

Answer 22

False

Question 23

Explain the difference between bactericidal and bacteriostatic antibiotics.

Answer 23

Antibiotics can be divided into two groups: bactericidal and bacteriostatic antibiotics. The bactericidal antibiotics kill the bacteria whereas the bacteriostatic antibiotics inhibit their growth.

Question 24

Based on the results from your experiment, rank the antibiotics from the most effective to the least in controlling S. epidermidis

Answer 24

With a zone of inhibition 35 mm, novobiocin had the greatest inhibiting effect on the S. epidermidis. Gentamicin had the second greatest inhibitory effect on the S. epidermidis with a zone of inhibition at 27 mm. Finally, penicillin was the least effective in controlling the S. epidermidis.

Question 25

Blank are asexually-produced spores

Answer 25

Conidia

Question 26

Chains of single-celled conidia are produced from a specialized cell called a…

Answer 26

phialide