Antibiotic Resistance Flashcards
Why could we have no gut surgery, heart operations, chemo or heart transplants in the future?
Antibiotic Resistance
What are antibiotics?
Synthetic substance that destroys microorganisms like bacteria
Why is resistance happening through no development?
Found easy ones
Expensive to make
Regulations complex
Low return investment
What does antibiotic resistance result in?
Increased risk of hosp Increased stay Increased hosp costs Increased ICU Increased Death
What does MDR XDR and PDR mean?
MDR multi drug resistant
XDR Extensive
PDR pan
25k excess deaths from resistant infections.
What about avoidable hospital days?
2.5million
Other than antibiotics what should we use less of?
Disinfectant - a non selective/indiscriminate killer that disrupts membranes
What do antibiotics target?
Cell Wall
DNA/RNA
Do antibiotics cause resistance?
NO
they create an environment for resistant mutants
so kill everything but if something is already there by chance that is resistant, it will then grow and replicate in presence of antibiotics and can join up with other bacteria
What is in the BLACTAM antibiotic group?
penicillins cephalosporins monobactams carbapenems
What do BLACTAMs target?
PBP - inhibit cell wall synthesis
penicillin binding proteins
Staph Aureus infections are basically resistant why?
Their Blactams are resistant
What do we use instead of BLACTAM for staph aureus?
Flucloxacillin for most and vancomycin for MRSA
Use ESBLACTAM for what?
Gram Neg
Use I.V. ceftriaxone and azithromycin for what?
Ghonnorea
