Antibiotic: Protein Syn./Folic Acid Syn. Inhibitors

Question 1

Name the 4 type of aminoglycosides

Answer 1

Neomycin
Gentamicin
Tobramycin
Amikacin

Question 2

What’s the MOA of aminoglycosides?

Answer 2

1. Binds to 30s subunit prior to ribosome formation
2. Causes 30S subunit to misread the code
3. Polysomes deplete to monosomes

Question 3

What is the most toxic aminoglycoside?

Answer 3

Neomycin

Question 4

What is the combination steroid with neomycin?

Answer 4

Maxitrol = Polymyxin B + Neomycin + Dexamethasone

Question 5

What is the most important ADR of Neomycin?

Answer 5

Allergic Dermatitis

Question 6

Most bacteria is susceptible to what aminoglycoside?

Answer 6

Gentamicin

Question 7

T or F: Tobramycin is better than Gentamicin for pseudomonas aeruginosa. Tobramycin is less toxic than gentamicin

Answer 7

True

Question 8

Tobrex = ?

Answer 8

Tobramycin

Question 9

Tobradex/ Tobradex ST = ?

Answer 9

Tobramycin + Dexamethasone

Question 10

What is the main ADR of tobramycin?

Answer 10

Reversible Tearing

Question 11

Amikacin is the DOC for what?

Answer 11

Mycobacteria Ulcers

Question 12

Amikacin is active against gram (-) bacilli that are resistant to other ____.

Answer 12

Aminoglycosides

Question 13

What is the mechanism of action of Tetracyclines?

Answer 13

Binds to 30S subunit inhibiting it from binding to the 50S subunit

Question 14

Anticollagenolytic Activity of tetracyclines are responsible for effectiveness in treating ________ diseases.

Answer 14

non-infectious

Question 15

What are the 3 types of Tetracyclines?

Answer 15

1. Tetracycline
2. Doxycycline
3. Minocycline

Question 16

What is the oral use for tetracycline?

Answer 16

Acne Rosacea - bleph, keratitis, MGD, chalazia

Question 17

T or F: You cannot take tetracycline with dairy or meals.

Answer 17

True

Question 18

Low doses of Doxycycline can be used for ___.

Answer 18

MGD

Question 19

What are the 2 clinical uses for Minocycline?

Answer 19

Bad acne, periocular infections

Question 20

Minocycline can cause what type of deposits on the palpebral conj.?

Answer 20

Brown or Black palpebral conjunctival deposits

Question 21

What are the side effects of Minocycline?

Answer 21

1. Lightheadedness
2. Dizziness
3. Vertigo
4. Tinnitus

Question 22

What is the MOA of Macrolides?

Answer 22

Binds to 50S subunit and inhibits polypeptide chain elongation

Question 23

What are the 3 types of macrolides?

Answer 23

Azithromycin
Clarithromycin
Erythromycin

Question 24

What are the two types of Azithromycin?

Answer 24

1. Zithromax - oral

2. Azasite - topical

Question 25

What are the clinical uses for Zithromax?

Answer 25

1. Inclusion (Chlamydial) Conjunctivitis | 2. MGD

Question 26

What are the clinical uses for Azasite?

Answer 26

1. Bacterial Conjunctivitis | 2. Meibomianitis

Question 27

What is the pregnancy category for Azasite? At what age can it be used?

Answer 27

a. Category B | b. 1 yo or older

Question 28

Erythromycin binds to 50S subunit and prevents synthesis of _____ into _____.

Answer 28

amino acids into proteins

Question 29

Erythromycin is only available as a ___

Answer 29

ointment

Question 30

What is the DOC for Legionnaire's Disease and Mycoplasma Pneumonia?

Answer 30

Erythromycin

Question 31

What is the MOA of Chloramphenicol?

Answer 31

Binds to 50S subunit and blocks peptidyltransferase

Question 32

Chloramphenicol crosses what barrier readily?

Answer 32

Blood Aqueous Barrier

Question 33

How long should a pt's tx be using chloramphenicol?

Answer 33

7-14 days

Question 34

What is the clinical use of clindamycin?

Answer 34

Tx of Ocular toxoplasmosis

Question 35

What are the ADRs of clindamycin?

Answer 35

1. C. Difficle = overgrowth of pseudomembranous colitis | 2. Metallic taste that lasts after d/c of drug

Question 36

Reversal of Inhibition for Sodium Sulfacetamide means what?

Answer 36

1. Will not work w/ anesthetic | 2. Blood tissue breakdown & pus

Question 37

Don't use ______ in infections with alot of purulent discharge.

Answer 37

sulfacetamide

Question 38

Pyrimethamine/Trimethoprim are synergistic with _____.

Answer 38

Sulfonamides

Question 39

Oral use of pyrimethamine is used for what disease?

Answer 39

Ocular Toxoplasmosis

Question 40

Topical use of trimethoprim + polymyxin B = ?

Answer 40

- Polytrim Soln | - Used for ocular surface infections

Question 41

What are the ADRs of Pyrimethamine/Trimethoprim?

Answer 41

Oral Pyri = WBCs/Platelet Depression, Megaloblastic anemia