Antibiotic Mechanisms

Question 1

Penicillin

Answer 1

Beta-lactam, inhibition of cell wall synthesis/addition, prevents transpeptidation

Question 2

Cephalosporin

Answer 2

Beta-lactam, inhibition of cell wall synthesis/addition, prevents transpeptidation

Question 3

Carbapenem

Answer 3

Beta-lactam, inhibition of cell wall synthesis/addition, prevents transpeptidation

Question 4

Vancomycin

Answer 4

Non-beta-lactam, inhibition of cell wall synthesis, disrupts the addition of new NAM molecules stopping assembly

Question 5

Bacitracin

Answer 5

Non-beta-lactam, inhibition of cell membrane function/cell wall synthesis, prevents transport of peptidoglycan across membrane so wall production is inhibited

Question 6

Polymyxin

Answer 6

disruption of cell membrane function, compromises integrity of the membrane of gram negative by interacting with the phospholipids and lipopolysaccharides and breaking up the cell membrane

Question 7

Fluroquinolone

Answer 7

inhibits nucleic acid synthesis by preventing the enzyme functions of topoisomerases (DNA gyrase)

Question 8

Lincosamine

Answer 8

inhibits protein synthesis, binds to 50s ribosomes blocking mRNA movement through it

Question 9

Tetracycline

Answer 9

inhibits protein synthesis, binds to the 30s ribosome blocking the docking site of tRNA

Question 10

Macrolide

Answer 10

inhibits protein synthesis, binds to 50s ribosomes blocking mRNA movement through it

Question 11

Aminoglycoside

Answer 11

inhibits protein synthesis, binds to 30s ribosome causing mRNA to be misread resulting in premature termination

Question 12

Sulfonamide

Answer 12

inhibits metabolism, these are analogs of metabolites in folic acid synthesis therefore they put themselves in in their place and block synthesis