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USMLE Preparation > Antibiotic Indications > Flashcards

Antibiotic Indications Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Babesia

A

Macrolide (Azithromycin) + Atovaquone

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2
Q

Acute Chagas

A

Nifurtamox

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3
Q

P. vivax, P. ovale

A

Primaqiune

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4
Q

Cutaneous leischmaniasis

Visceral leischmaniasis

A

Stibugluconate

Amphotericin B

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5
Q

Malaria in chloroquine-resistant regions

A

(1) Mefloquine

(2) Atovaquone + Proguanil

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6
Q

P. falciparum (severe)

A

(1) Quinidine

(2) Artesanate

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7
Q

P. jirovecii

A

TMP-SMX; if sulfa allergic, Pentamidine

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8
Q

Oral Candida

Disseminated Candida

A

Nystatin

Amphotericin B; if resistant, Capsofungin

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9
Q

Histoplasma

A

Amphotericin B

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10
Q

Onchomycosis

A

(1) Terbinafine

(2) Griseofulvin

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11
Q

Mucormycosis

A

Amphotericin B (unlikely to help, however)

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12
Q

Cryptococcal meningitis

A

Initially - Flucytosine + Amphotericin B

Later - Fluconazole

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13
Q

Sporotrichosis

A

Itraconazole

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14
Q

Asperigillosis

A

Voriconazole

Amphotericin B if angioinvasive

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15
Q

M. furfur

A

Selenium sulfate

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16
Q

C. difficile

A

Metronidazole, PO Vancomycin

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17
Q

S. epidermidis

A

Vancomycin

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18
Q

S. pneumoniae

A

(1) Macrolide

(2) Ceftriaxone

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19
Q

Enterococcus

A

Linezolid, Tigecycline, Daptomycin

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20
Q

MRSA

A

Vancomycin

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21
Q

MSSA

A

Nafcillin

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22
Q

H. pylori

A

PPI + Amoxicillin + Clarithromycin

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23
Q

S. typhi

A

Fluoroquinolones (only in S. typhi, no S. enteridis)

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24
Q

Y. pestis

A

(1) Streptomycin

(2) Tetracycline

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25
Q

Pseudomonas

A

(1) Piperacillin + Sulfbactam
(2) Fluoroquinolones
(3) Aminoglycosides

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26
Q

Proteus

A

TMP-SMX

27
Q

Cholera

A

Fluids, glucose and electrolytes

28
Q

Enterobius vermicularis

A

Albendazole; Pyrantel palmoate if pregnant

29
Q

Dermatophytes

A

Terbinafine

30
Q

Lyme disease (B. burgdorfori)

A

Doxycycline (early)or PCN-type (late)

31
Q

Nocardia

A

TMP-SMX

32
Q

Actinomyces

A

PCN G (IV)

33
Q

Neonates at risk for HBV

A

Anti-HBV Ig

34
Q

CMV

A

(1) Ganciclovir

2) Foscarnet (if UL97 mutation

35
Q

Legionnaire’s disease

A

(1) Fluoroquinolones

(2) Macrolides

36
Q

Pertussis

A

Macrolides

37
Q

H. influenzae

A

Ceftriaxone (systemic or meningitis)

Rifampin (prophylaxis)

38
Q

Tuberculois leprosy

Lepromatous leprosy

A

Dapsone + Rifampin (9 mo.)

Dapsone + Rifampin + Clofazimine (<5 yr.)

39
Q

Syphilis

A

PCN

40
Q

Q fever (Coxiella)

A

No treatment - self-limiting

41
Q

Gardnerella (bacterial vaginosis)

A

(1) Metronidazole

(2) Clindamycin

42
Q

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

A

Macrolides

43
Q

Rickettsiae

A

Doxycycline

44
Q

Tuberculosis

A

RIPE

45
Q

Chlamydia

A

Macrolide/Tetracycline + Ceftriaxone (to cover Gonorrhea)

46
Q

Listeria

A

Ampicillin

47
Q

Toxoplasmosis

A

Sulfadiazine + Pyrimethamine +/- folate

48
Q

Loa Loa

A

Diethylcarbamazine

49
Q

Anthrax

A

Fluoroquinolones + Doxycycline

50
Q

C. Perfringins

A

PCN G +/- Clindamycin

51
Q

Cat Scratch Disease (Bartonella hensleae)

A

Macrolide +/- Doxycycline

52
Q

Brucella

A

Doxycycline + Rifampin

53
Q

Pasteurella

A

PCN

54
Q

Gonorrhea

A

Ceftriaxone + Azithromycin/Doxycycline

55
Q

N. Meningitidis

A

Ceftriaxone; Rifampin prophylaxis

56
Q

Entamoeba histolytica

A

(1) Metronidazole

2) Paromycin, Iodoquinol (luminal agents

57
Q

T. Brucei (CNS vs. blood)

A

CNS - Melarsoprol

Blood - Suramin

58
Q

Trichomonas vaginalis

A

Metronidazole for both partners

59
Q

Naeglaria

A

Amphotericin B - unlikely to help, though

60
Q

Onchocera volvulus (river blindness)

A

Ivermectin

61
Q

S. Stercoralis

A

(1) Ivermectin

(2) Albendazole

62
Q

Wucheria boncrofti

A

Diethylcarbamazine

63
Q

Visceral larval migrans

A

Albendazole

64
Q

HSV meningitis

A

Acyclovir

USMLE Preparation (7 decks)

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