Antibiotic Drug Classifications

Question 1

Beta-lactams

Answer 1

Beta-lactams:Bigger category
Includes:
Penicillins
Cephalosporins
Carbapenems
Monobactams

Question 2

MOA of Beta-lactams

Answer 2

inhibit PCN bidding proteins–>messes with cell wall synthesis–> cell wall death

Question 3

Penicillins

Answer 3

Natural Penicillins
Aminopenicillins
Anti-Staphylococcal Penicillins
Anti-Pseudomonal Penicillins

Question 4

Natural Penicillins

Answer 4

Penicillin G (IV)
Pen VK (PO)
Benzathine PNC (IM long-acting)

Question 5

Aminopenicillins

Answer 5

Amoxicillin (PO)

Ampicillin (IV)

Question 6

Anti-Staphlococcal PNC

Answer 6

Dicloxacillin PO
Nafcillin IV
Methcillin IV
Oxacillin IV

Question 7

Anti-Pseudomonal PCN

Answer 7

Piperacillin IV

Ticarcillin IV

Question 8

ALL PCNs by type

summary card

Answer 8

Nat. PCN:
Penicillin G
Pen VK
Benzathine PCN

AminoPCN:
Amoxicillin
Ampicillin

Anti-StaphPCN:
Dicloxacillin
Nafcillin
Methicillin
Oxacillin

Anti-PseudomonalPCN:
Piperacillin
Ticarcillin

Question 9

PCN Combos

Answer 9

Piperacillin/tazobactam= zosyn
Ampicillin/sulbactam= Unasyn
Amox/clauv=Augmentin

Question 10

what are combos used for?

Answer 10

Broader coverage against Beta-lactamase producing organisms like …

MSSA, and G-‘s like H.flu, M.cat, and almost ALL anaerobes

Question 11

Cephalosporins

how many generations?

Answer 11

5

Question 12

1st and 2nd Gen Cephalosporins

Answer 12

1st Gen:
Cefazolin (Ancef), Cephalalexin (Keflex)

2nd: Cefoxitin (Mefoxin)

Question 13

3rd and 4th Gen Cephalosporins

Answer 13

3rd:
Ceftazadime (Fortaz)
Ceftriaxone (Rocephin)

4th: Cefepime (Maxipime)

Question 14

5th Gen Cephalosporins

Answer 14

5th:
Ceftraloline fosamil (Teflaro)
Ceftobiprole (zeftera)

Question 15

Cephalosporin that covers MRSA

Answer 15

ceftaroline

Question 16

Cephalosporins that covers Pseudomonas

Answer 16

cefepime

ceftazidime

Question 17

Cephalosporins that cover anaerobes

Answer 17

cefoxitin, cefotetan

Question 18

Cephalosporins cover Enterobacteriacea enterococci

Answer 18

false

Question 19

Carbapenems

Answer 19

Meropenem (Merrem
Imipenem (Primaxin)
Ertapenem (Invans)

Question 20

Use for the Carbapenems

Answer 20

BIG GUNS.

broadest of all Abx with G+ and G- (including Pseudomonas AND anaerobes)

Question 21

Monobactams

Answer 21

Aztreonam

Question 22

Fluoroquinolones

Answer 22

Levofloxin

Ciprofloxin

Question 23

Super G+ Abx

Answer 23

Oxazolidinones: Linezolid
Glycopeptides: Vancomycin
Leptopeptides: Daptomycin
Stretogramins: Quinupristin/dalfopristin
5-Gen cephalosporin: Ceftaroline

Question 24

Abx Anaerobic coverage

Answer 24

Lincosamides: Clindamycin

Nitromidazole: Metronidazole

PCN Combos: augmentin, Unasyn, Zosyn, Timentin

Carbapenems: imp, mere, ertap

2-Gen Cephalosporins: Cefoxitin, Cefotetan

Question 25

Macrolides

Answer 25

Erytromycin Clarithromycin Azithromycin (Zithromax)

Question 26

Tetracyclines

Answer 26

Doxycycline (Vibramyin) Tetracycline Minocycline

Question 27

Sulfonamides

Answer 27

TMP/SMX= Bactrim= Timethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole

Question 28

Super G- Abx with Pseudomonas coverage

Answer 28

Piperacillin/Tazocactam (Zosyn) Carbapenems (mero, imipenum) 4th Gen Cephalosporins: ceftazedime, cefepime Azetreonam (high resistance) Fluoroquinolones: cipro>levaquin Aminoglycosides: Amikacin>tobramycin>gentamycin Polymyxins: Colistin, polymixin B

Question 29

Aminoglycosides

Answer 29

``` Amikacin Gentamycin Tobramycin Streptomycin Neomycin ```

Question 30

Polymixins

Answer 30

Colistin | Polymixin B

Question 31

Antifungals

Answer 31

``` Diflucan (fluconazole) Nystatin Voriconzole Amphotericin B Caspofungin ```

Question 32

Antiviral

Answer 32

Acyclovir (Zovirax) | Valcyclovir (Valtrex)