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Surgery Antibiotics > Antibiotic Drug Classifications > Flashcards

Antibiotic Drug Classifications Flashcards

1
Q

Beta-lactams

A 
Beta-lactams:Bigger category
Includes:
Penicillins
Cephalosporins
Carbapenems
Monobactams
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2
Q

MOA of Beta-lactams

A

inhibit PCN bidding proteins–>messes with cell wall synthesis–> cell wall death

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3
Q

Penicillins

A

Natural Penicillins
Aminopenicillins
Anti-Staphylococcal Penicillins
Anti-Pseudomonal Penicillins

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4
Q

Natural Penicillins

A 
Penicillin G (IV)
Pen VK (PO)
Benzathine PNC (IM long-acting)
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5
Q

Aminopenicillins

A

Amoxicillin (PO)

Ampicillin (IV)

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6
Q

Anti-Staphlococcal PNC

A

Dicloxacillin PO
Nafcillin IV
Methcillin IV
Oxacillin IV

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7
Q

Anti-Pseudomonal PCN

A

Piperacillin IV

Ticarcillin IV

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8
Q

ALL PCNs by type

summary card

A

Nat. PCN:
Penicillin G
Pen VK
Benzathine PCN

AminoPCN:
Amoxicillin
Ampicillin

Anti-StaphPCN:
Dicloxacillin
Nafcillin
Methicillin
Oxacillin

Anti-PseudomonalPCN:
Piperacillin
Ticarcillin

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9
Q

PCN Combos

A

Piperacillin/tazobactam= zosyn
Ampicillin/sulbactam= Unasyn
Amox/clauv=Augmentin

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10
Q

what are combos used for?

A

Broader coverage against Beta-lactamase producing organisms like …

MSSA, and G-‘s like H.flu, M.cat, and almost ALL anaerobes

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11
Q

Cephalosporins

how many generations?

A

5

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12
Q

1st and 2nd Gen Cephalosporins

A

1st Gen:
Cefazolin (Ancef), Cephalalexin (Keflex)

2nd: Cefoxitin (Mefoxin)

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13
Q

3rd and 4th Gen Cephalosporins

A

3rd:
Ceftazadime (Fortaz)
Ceftriaxone (Rocephin)

4th: Cefepime (Maxipime)

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14
Q

5th Gen Cephalosporins

A

5th:
Ceftraloline fosamil (Teflaro)
Ceftobiprole (zeftera)

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15
Q

Cephalosporin that covers MRSA

A

ceftaroline

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16
Q

Cephalosporins that covers Pseudomonas

A

cefepime

ceftazidime

17
Q

Cephalosporins that cover anaerobes

A

cefoxitin, cefotetan

18
Q

Cephalosporins cover Enterobacteriacea enterococci

A

false

19
Q

Carbapenems

A

Meropenem (Merrem
Imipenem (Primaxin)
Ertapenem (Invans)

20
Q

Use for the Carbapenems

A

BIG GUNS.

broadest of all Abx with G+ and G- (including Pseudomonas AND anaerobes)

21
Q

Monobactams

A

Aztreonam

22
Q

Fluoroquinolones

A

Levofloxin

Ciprofloxin

23
Q

Super G+ Abx

A 
Oxazolidinones: Linezolid
Glycopeptides: Vancomycin
Leptopeptides: Daptomycin
Stretogramins: Quinupristin/dalfopristin
5-Gen cephalosporin: Ceftaroline
24
Q

Abx Anaerobic coverage

A

Lincosamides: Clindamycin

Nitromidazole: Metronidazole

PCN Combos: augmentin, Unasyn, Zosyn, Timentin

Carbapenems: imp, mere, ertap

2-Gen Cephalosporins: Cefoxitin, Cefotetan

25
Q

Macrolides

A

Erytromycin
Clarithromycin
Azithromycin (Zithromax)

26
Q

Tetracyclines

A

Doxycycline (Vibramyin)
Tetracycline
Minocycline

27
Q

Sulfonamides

A

TMP/SMX= Bactrim= Timethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole

28
Q

Super G- Abx with Pseudomonas coverage

A

Piperacillin/Tazocactam (Zosyn)
Carbapenems (mero, imipenum)
4th Gen Cephalosporins: ceftazedime, cefepime
Azetreonam (high resistance)
Fluoroquinolones: cipro>levaquin
Aminoglycosides: Amikacin>tobramycin>gentamycin
Polymyxins: Colistin, polymixin B

29
Q

Aminoglycosides

A 
Amikacin
Gentamycin
Tobramycin
Streptomycin
Neomycin
30
Q

Polymixins

A

Colistin

Polymixin B

31
Q

Antifungals

A 
Diflucan (fluconazole)
Nystatin
Voriconzole
Amphotericin B
Caspofungin
32
Q

Antiviral

A

Acyclovir (Zovirax)

Valcyclovir (Valtrex)

Surgery Antibiotics (3 decks)

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