Antibiotic Classes Flashcards
1
Q
B Lactams
A
—Peptidoglycan cell wall
PENICILLINS, ampicillin, Flucloxacillin, Piperacillin
- C DIF
- High dose/ severe renal failure: Encephalopathy with fits
- +Glandular fever=MacPapRash
2
Q
Cephalosporin
A
—cell wall
as BLactams
1st Gen
- Cefalexin
2nd Gen
- Cefuroxime
- Cefaclor
3rd Gen
- Cefotaxime
- Ceftazidime
3
Q
Aminoglycoside
A
irreversible to 30S
Gentamicin, streptomycin, neomycin
- Ototoxic (deafness + vestibular dysfunction)
- Nephrotoxic
- CI Myathenia Gravis
SERUM concentrations need MONITORING
4
Q
Macrolide
A
REversible to 50S
-Clarithromycin, Erythromycin, Azithromycin, clindamycin
- Cholestatic jaundice (Erythromycin)
- Prolonged QTc
- p450 inhibitors
5
Q
Sulphonamides + Trimethoprim
A
Dihydrofolate reductase inhibitors
Sulphamethoxazole, Trimethoprim
- Co-Trimoxazole (rare): Stevens-Johnson syndrome
- Bone marrow suppression
- Folate deficiency
6
Q
Metronidazole + Tinidazole
A
Metabolites –DNA (Nitroreductase)
- Metalic taste
- Disulfiram-like reaction (hangover-like)
- Long term;
- Peripheral neuropathy
- Transient epileptiform seizures
- Leucopenia
7
Q
Quinilone examples
A
—-DNA synthesis
- Ciprofloxacin
- Norfloxacin
- Levofloxacin
- *CNS:** dizziness, headache, tremors
- *Tendon** pathology (stop)
8
Q
Tetracyclines
A
static: block tRNA
Tetracycline, doxycycline
- Hepatotoxic
- Impaired growth
- Tooth discoloration
