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Inpatient Rotation Prep > Antibiotic Classes > Flashcards

Antibiotic Classes Flashcards

1
Q

Penicillins

A

MOA: Bind to transpeptidase enzymes in the bacterial cell and disrupt cell wall formation
- Bactericidal

Agents:
- Penicillin G & V
- Ampicillin
- Amoxicillin
- Nafcillin
- Dicloxacillin
- Carbenicillin
- Ticarcillin
- Piperacillin
- Amoxicillin / Clavulanate
- Ampicillin / Sulbactam
- Ticarcillin / Clavulanate
- Piperacillin / Tazobactam

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2
Q

Cephalosporins

A

MOA: Bind to transpeptidase enzymes in the bacterial cell wall and disrupt cell wall formation
- Bactericidal

1st generation:
- Cefazolin
- Cephalexin
2nd generation:
- Cefuroxime
- Cefoxitin
3rd generation:
- Ceftriaxone
- Ceftazidime
4th generation:
- Cefepime
5th generation:
- Cefepime

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3
Q

Carbapenems

A

MOA: b-lactam
Most broad spectrum single agents available
Agents:
- Imipenem / Cilastatin
- Meropenem
- Ertapenem

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4
Q

Monobactams

A

MOA: b-lactam
Agents:
- Aztreonam

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5
Q

Aminoglycosides

A

MOA: bind 30S ribosomal subunit and inhibit bacterial protein synthesis
- Bactericidal
Agents:
- Gentamicin
- Tobramycin
- Amikacin

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6
Q

Tetracyclines

A

MOA: Reversibly bind to 30S ribosomal subunit and inhibit bacterial protein synthesis
- Bacteriostatic

Agents:
- Tetracycline
- Doxycycline

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7
Q

Macrolides

A

MOA: Reversibly bind the 50S ribosomal subunit and inhibit bacteria protein synthesis
- Bacteriostatic

Agents:
- Erythromycin
- Clarithromycin
- Azithromycin

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8
Q

Lincosamides

A

MOA: Reversibly bind the 50S ribosomal subunit and inhibit bacterial protein synthesis
- Bacteriostatic

Agents:
- Clindamycin

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9
Q

Fluoroquinolones

A

MOA: inhibit DNA gyrase which results in breakage of bacterial DNA
- Bactericidal

Agents:
- Ciprofloxacin
- Levofloxacin
- Moxifloxacin

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10
Q

Glycopeptides

A

MOA: Bind D-ala-D-ala terminal residue in the glowing peptidoglycan chain. Inhibits cell wall formation
- Bactericidal

Agents:
- Vancomycin

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11
Q

Lipopeptide

A

MOA: irreversibly binds to and depolarizes cell membrane
- Bactericidal

Agents:
- Daptomycin

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12
Q

Trimethoprim / Sulfamethoxazole

A

MOA: inhibits sequential steps in the formation of tetrahydrofolate in bacteria which inhibits purine synthesis
- Bacteriostatic

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13
Q

Nitromidazoles

A

MOA: Reduced to a toxic intermediate that produces damage by interaction with bacterial DNA
- bactericidal

Agents:
- Metronidazole

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14
Q

Oxazolidinones

A

MOA: inhibition of protein synthesis at the 50S ribosome. The mechanism of action is thought to be unique and involves the inhibition of an early step in protein synthesis
- bacteriostatic

Agents:
- Linezolid

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Inpatient Rotation Prep (3 decks)

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