Antibacterials Flashcards
What are prokaryotes
Cell without nuclei
What are eukaryotes
Cells with nuclei
Is bacteria a prokaryote or eukaryote?
Prokaryote
What are examples of eukaryotes?
Fungi, protozoa, helminths
What does selectively toxic mean?
Toxic to invading microorganisms but have limiting effect on host
Compare the peptidoglycan layer in Gram + and Gram - cells
Gram + has a thick peptidoglycan layer whereas Gram - has a thin peptidoglycan layer
Is it harder to penetrate a Gram + or gram - cell wall?
Harder to penetrate a gram - cell wall because of the Lipopolysaccharide barrier
What do narrow spectrum antibiotics target
Only one class of bacteria For example either gram + or gram -
What do broad spectrum antibiotics target
Both classes of bacteria (gram pos and gram neg)
What is a disadvantage to broad spectrum antibiotics
The pathogens can develop antibiotic resistance
Define bactericidal drugs
Drugs that have the ability to kill the bacteria
Define bacteriostatic drugs
Drugs that only have the ability to slow the bacteria’s growth (not killing it)
Superinfection
new microbes take over when the antibacterials kill normal flora
Opportunistic infections
Infections caused by bacteria that would not normally form if it weren’t for the persons immunocompromised state
