Anti viral drugs

Question 1

Oseltamivir, zanamivir

Answer 1

Inhibit influenza neuraminidase : Inhibit influenza neuraminidase

Question 2

Baloxavir

Answer 2

Inhibits the “cap snatching” (transfer of the 5′ cap from cell mRNA onto viral mRNA)
endonuclease activity of the influenza virus RNA polymerase decrease viral replication.

Question 3

Remdesivir

Answer 3

Prodrug of an ATP analog. The active metabolite inhibits viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase .. decrease viral RNA production: COVID-19

Question 4

Acyclovir, famciclovir, valacyclovir

Answer 4

Guanosine analogs..inhibit viral DNA polymerase by chain termination.:
Used for HSV-induced mucocutaneous and genital lesions as well as for
encephalitis. Prophylaxis in patients who are immunocompromised. Also used as prophylaxis for
immunocompetent patients with severe or recurrent infection

Question 5

famciclovir

Answer 5

For herpes zoster

Question 6

Acyclovir, famciclovir, valacyclovir

Answer 6

ADVERSE EFFECTS Obstructive crystalline nephropathy and acute kidney injury

Question 7

Ganciclovir

Answer 7

Guanosine analog. 5′-monophosphate formed by a CMV viral kinase. inhibits viral DNA polymerase. :
CMV, especially in patients who are immunocompromised.

Question 8

what is the name of the prodrug of Ganciclovir?

Answer 8

. Valganciclovir, a prodrug of
ganciclovir, has better oral bioavailability.

Question 9

what is the adverse effect of Ganciclovir?

Answer 9

ADVERSE EFFECTS Myelosuppression (leukopenia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia), renal toxicity. More toxic to host enzymes than acyclovir

Question 10

what is the mechanism of resistance of Acyclovir, famciclovir, valacyclovir?

Answer 10

MEC HANISM OF RESISTA NCE
Mutated viral thymidine kinase.

Question 11

what is the mechanism of resistance of Ganciclovir?

Answer 11

MEC HANISM OF RESISTA NCE
Mutated viral kinase

Question 12

Foscarnet?

Answer 12

used if there is resistance to ganciclovir or acyclovir , it is Viral DNA/RNA polymerase inhibitor and
HIV reverse transcriptase inhibitor.

Question 13

clinical case tell you patient take steroid treatment for long time and it hit our immune system and it cause vision problem ( SOMETHING WRONG IN RETINA )

Answer 13

CMV retinits and treatment is foscarnat

Question 14

adverse effect of foscarant

Answer 14

ADVERSE EFFECTS
Nephrotoxicity, multiple electrolyte
abnormalities can lead to seizures.

Question 15

what the MEC HANISM OF RESISTA NCE of foscarant?

Answer 15

MEC HANISM OF RESISTA NCE Mutated DNA polymerase.

Question 16

Cidofovir?

Answer 16

inhibits viral DNA polymerase. Does not require phosphorylation by viral kinase,
used incase of CMV retinitis in immunocompromised patients; acyclovir-resistant HSV

Question 17

adverse effect of Cidofovir?

Answer 17

Nephrotoxicity (coadminister cidofovir with probenecid and IV saline to decrease toxicity)