Anti Viral

Question 1

Acyclovir and Valacyclovir MOA

Answer 1

Nucleoside analogues which halt replication

Aka DNA synthesis ihibitor

Question 2

Acyclovir vs Valacyclovir

Answer 2

Valacyclovir is the prodrug and has ore bioavailibility when taken PO

Question 3

VZV (chicken pox) tx

Answer 3

Supportive care for children

Adolescents and adults: ayclovir or valcyclovir

Question 4

Tx for HSV1 and HSV2

Answer 4

Acyclovir or Valacyclovir

Question 5

Tx for Herpes Zoster Virus (shingls)

Answer 5

Valacyclovir or acyclovir

Use IV if involved in eye or menningitis or immunocompromised

Question 6

Tx for CMV

Answer 6

Ganciclovir or Valganciclovir (prodrug)

If patient is intolerant of val/ganciclovir: use foscarnet

Question 7

Ganciclovir and Valganciclovir MOA

Answer 7

DNA polymerase inhibitor

Bioavailibility is higher in valganciclovir which is PO only while gangciclovir is IV only with terrible bioavailibility

Question 8

Thymidine Kinase

Answer 8

No essential for viral replication but is required to activate val/acyclovir and val/ganciclovir

Question 9

Foscarnet MOA

Answer 9

Inhibitor of DNA/RNA polymerase
IV administration only
Nephrotoxicity and electrolyte distrubances

Question 10

Hep B treatment

Answer 10

PEG-interferon (not used much bc lots of side effects)
Entecavir
Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate
Tenofovir alagenamide

Question 11

Entecavir MOA

Answer 11

Guanosine nucleoside analog

PO

Question 12

Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/tenofovir alafenamide MOA

Answer 12

Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor
PO
(TAF has substantially few side effects compared to TDF)

Question 13

What would cause a resistance to TDF/TAF/entecavir

Answer 13

Mutation in the reverse transcriptase

Question 14

HCV tx

Answer 14

Combination pills
Usually a protease inhibitor and a DNA polymerase ihibitor

Elbasvir + Grazoprevir
Glecaprevir + Pibrentasvir
Ledipasvir + sofosbuvir
Sofosbuvir + Valpatasvir

Question 15

What must be checked before starting Hep C treatment

Answer 15

Hep B serologies: if Hep C is treated, Hep B does not need to compete with another virus and can fluorish

Question 16

Influenza treatments

Answer 16

Osteltamivir: PO
Peramivir: IV
Zanamivir: inhalation

Question 17

MOA osteltamivir

Answer 17

Neuraminidase inhibitor

Question 18

HIV treatment

Answer 18

Must initiate 3 medications (2 for prophylaxis)
Usually 2 NRTIs and 1 other class (INSTI)
Cannot switch meds or start some but not all
Treatment is lifelong

Question 19

Epivir (lamivudine) MOA

Answer 19

NRTI

Question 20

Zaigen (abacavir) MOA

Answer 20

NRTI

Question 21

VIREAD (tenofovir disoproxil fumarate) MOA

Answer 21

NRTI

Question 22

EMTRIVA (emtricitabine) MOA

Answer 22

NRTI

Question 23

Truvada (tenofovir df + emtricitabine) MOA

Answer 23

NRTI

Question 24

Retrovir (zidovudine)

Answer 24

NRTI

Question 25

Sustiva (Efacirenz) MOA

Answer 25

NNRTI

Question 26

Edurant (rilpivirine) MOA

Answer 26

NNRTI

Question 27

Viramune (nevirapine) MOA

Answer 27

NNRTI

Question 28

Tivicay (dolutegravir) MOA

Answer 28

Integrase inhibitor

Question 29

Vitekta (elvitegravir) MOA

Answer 29

Integrase inhibitor

Question 30

Isentress (raltegravir) MOA

Answer 30

Integrase inhibitor

Question 31

Tybost (cobistat) MOA

Answer 31

Not active against HIV itself but is used to boost levels of INSTI and PI

Question 32

Darunavir, ataanavir, ritonavir MOA

Answer 32

Protease inhibitor

Question 33

What do Triumeq, dovato, and biktarvy all have in common?

Answer 33

Triumeq, dovato, and biktarvy are all 1 pill once daily combos that are first line treatments for HIV

Question 34

Main side effect of abacavir

Answer 34

Must check patien for HLAB*5701 gene

If gene is present and they take abacavir then serious rash is produced