ANTI-PSYCHOTIC DRUGS

Question 1

Give the pharmacology of some named anti psychotic drugs

Answer 1

1. Chlorpromazine
   Trade name: Largactil
   Class: Anti-psychotic,phenothiazine
   Moa: It acts by blocking dopamine receptor,it has significant anti-emetic effect,hypotensive,sedative and anti cholinergic effects.
   Therapeutic uses: Acute and pronate psychosis,schizophrenia,mania and manic depression,pre anesthetic and treatment of nausea and vomiting
   Contraindications:Bone marrow depression,patient with history of seizures and anti convulsant therapy,hepatic renal disease,prostatic hypertrophy,dehydration,measles and glaucoma
   Side effects: Depression,dizziness,orthostatic hypotension,bronchospasm,photo sensitivity,aplastic anaemia and dry mouth.
   Doses: Tablet-10-20mg 2-4times daily
   IM- 25-50mg repeated after 1hour if needed
2. Fluphenazine
   Trade name: Modicate
   Class: Anti psychotic and phenothiazine
   Moa: It is accompanied by a high incidence of extra pyramidal symptom and low incidence of sedation,anti cholinergic,anti emetic and orthostatic hypotension
   Therapeutic uses: Psychotic disorder,chronic pain I.e diabetic neuropathy,patients trying to withdraw from narcotics
   Doses: Could be given IV and IM
   Tablets- 2.5 to 10mg,can be given 3 to 4 times daily
   IV- 12.5 to 25mg can be repeated 1-3 weeks
   Nursing considerations
   - Should not be used to treat nausea and vomiting in children less that 6 years old
   - Avoid getting the solution on the hand because it causes dermatitis
   - Solution with mark discoloration should be discarded
   - Note any history of seizure
   - Tqke liver and kidney function rests periodically
   - Document and rotate injection site
   - Report any side effects immediately