Anti-infectives part 2 Flashcards
Which antibiotics demonstrate gram + sensitivity?
gramicidin, macrolides, vancomycin, bacitracin
what are 2 types of concentration dependent antibiotics?
aminoglycosides and fluoroquinolones
which 3 antibiotics should you not take with food?
“PAT an empty stomach” = penicillins, azithromycin and tetracyclines
would you give cephalosporins to a hemophilic patient?
no - cephalosporins cause vitamin K deficiency which is important for blood clotting
what is the IV drug of choice for MRSA, MRSE and bacterial endophthalmitis?
Vancomycin
what drug combo is used most commonly for pediatric ocular infections?
Polymyxin B + Trimethoprim
Aminoglycosides and tetracyclines act by binding to and inhibiting which ribosomal subunit?
30S
which drugs inhibit 50S ribosomal subunit?
macrolides and chloramphenicol
which aminoglycoside has a class B pregnancy rating?
Tobramycin (tobradex)
Pseudotumor cerebri is associated with which specific aminoglycoside?
gentamicin
which are the most common aminoglycosides that can cause a type 4 delayed hypersensitivity reaction?
all 3 = gentamicin, tobramycin, neomycin
Neomycin is most common
which tetracycline do we use most commonly to treat eyelid/meibomian gland conditions?
doxycycline (except in children = AzaSite)
*chlamydia, meibomianitis/meibomian gland stasis, acne rosacea
when prescribing a tetracycline, what types of food should they avoid eating?
dairy products (binds to divalent calcium which renders the antibiotic dysfunctional)
Fanconi’s syndrome is associated with which type of drugs?
tetracyclines
which macrolides would you consider one of the safest antibiotics?
erythromycin and azithromycin = pregnancy class B ratings
which macrolide is “ok” for pregnancy and infants?
azithromycin
what type of patients should you be cautious to in giving macrolides?
asthmatics = macrolides augment plasma levels of theophylline
why should you be cautious in giving chloramphenicol to newborns?
grey baby syndrome