Anti-Imperialism: Boer War/National Efficiency/ Khaki Election Flashcards
What happened in May 1900?
British Garrisons at Mafeking was relieved after a lengthy Boer siege
When was the British Garrisons at Mafeking relieved?
May 1900
In May 1900, what British garrison was relieved?
Garrison at Mafeking
After a lengthy Boer siege, what happened on May 1900?
British garrison at Mafeking was relieved
What was the impact of the May 1900 relief of Mafeking after the length Boer siege?
Nationwide celebrations
Why was there nationwide celebration after May 1900?
British garrison at Mafeking was relieved, after a lengthy Boer siege
What word came to be after the relief of Mafeking in May 1900?
‘Maffick’- meaning to celebrate wildly
Why did the word ‘Maffick’- meaning to celebrate wildly- come about?
During the celebrations because of the relief of Mafeking in May 1900
What is a Khaki election?
National election that is heavily influenced by wartime
What is the word to describe a national election that is heavily influenced by wartime?
Khaki election
When was the Khaki election associated with the second Boer War?
General election of 1900
What was nickname given to the general election of 1900?
Khaki election
Who won the general election of 1900?
Conservatives and therefore they had a continued rule
What did the 1900 general election and celebrations show?
Elites saw this as a sign of mass support for empire
How could imperialism be seen as popular after the relief of Mafeking in May 1900?
Conservative win in the 1900 general election
Celebrations after the relief
Word ‘Maffick’ came about afterwards
How could you argue that the celebrations do not show support for imperialism?
They may have only been celebrating due to return and security of forces
What was there considerable media coverage on?
Brutality of the war on Boer families, as they were herded into concentration camps
How many civilians were there in concentration camps by the end of the Boer war?
110,000
What happened to 110,000 civilians by the end of the second Boer War?
In concentration camps
How many British soldiers were wounded?
22,000
What happened to 22,000 British soldiers?
Wounded
What happened to 5,000 British soldiers?
Killed
How many British soldiers were killed?
5,000
How did international opposition to Britains methods impact the feeling of imperialism?
Weakened support
What did many working class voters do regarding pro-war candidates in the general election of 1900?
Rejected them
How much did the Conservatives win by in the general election of 1900?
Polled only 400,000 more votes nationally than the liberals from the total of 4,500,000
In what election did the conservatives poll only 400,000 more votes nationally than the liberals from the total of 4,500,000?
1900 General election
In the general election of 1900, out of 4,500,000, how many did the conservatives poll over the liberal to win the election?
Polled only 400,000 more votes nationally
Why did many working class men volunteer for military service in the second Boer War?
Not because of patriotism but because they faced unemployment and poverty at home. The army was the way out of this.
What was significant about the victims of British brutality in the Second Boer War?
Victims were white settlers of European origin, not the typical coloured African natives
By 1902, what happened to the number of liberal imperialists?
Shrunk to a handful but they were parties leading figures (Like Grey and Asquith)
By what year had the liberal imperialists shrunk to a handful but they were parties leading figures (Like Grey and Asquith)?
1902
What caused the process of change in imperial attitude to gain momentum?
Newly formed Labour Party
What was the impact of the newly formed Labour Party?
Process of change gained increasing momentum under their influence
What did the liberal leader, Henry Campbell-Bannerman, do to the government during the Second Boer War?
Led opposition, he referred to these as “methods of barbarism”
Who referred to governments actions in the Boer War as “methods of barbarism”?
Liberal leader, Henry Campbell-Bannerman
How did Liberal leader, Henry Campbell-Bannerman, refer to the governments acts during the Boer War?
As “methods of barbarism”
What was we exposed in the aftermath of the Boer War?
‘National efficiency’
How many Boers were held against British forces for two and a half years in South Africa?
30,000
What areas was it hard to get troops from?
Australia and Canada home-grown soldiers
What proportion of British recruits had been tested and found unfit for military service?
40%
What happened to 40% of British recruits in Britain who were tested?
Found unfit for military service
What happened to 8000 of the 11,000 who volunteered in Manchester?
Turned away
In what area were 8000 out of the 11,000 volunteers turned away?
Manchester
How many out of the 11,000 volunteers were turned away in Manchester?
8,000
What weakened the British domestic manpower?
Poor diet and living conditions
What became common in 1902?
Common for journalists and political commentators to talk of the need for ‘national efficiency’ to prevent Britains decline
When had it became common for journalists and political commentators to talk of the need for ‘national efficiency’ to prevent Britains decline?
1902
What act was passed in 1902?
Education Act
When was the education act passed?
1902
What was the 1902 education Act?
Raise school standards
Opening of 1000 secondary schools over the following decade
What act allowed:
Raise school standards
Opening of 1000 secondary schools over the following decade
1902: Education Act
When was the dreadnoughts first launched?
1906
What was first launched in 1906?
Dreadnought
Free school meals
Why was the dreadnought first launched in 1906?
Modernisation of the Royal Navy
Expansion of the German fleet
What was established in London in 1907?
Imperial college
When was Imperial college established?
1907
Why was Imperial college established in 1907?
Centre of technological, medical and scientific excellence
When were free school meals launched?
1906
When were school medical inspections introduced?
1907
What has happened in 1907?
School medical inspections
What was introduced in 1908?
Children’s welfare charter
Old age pensions
When was the Children’s welfare charter introduced?
1908
When was the old age pensions introduced?
1908
What was established in 1909?
Trade boards act
When was a trade boards act established?
1909
What was established in 1911?
Unemployment and health insurance, giving the right to free medical treatment
When was an Unemployment and health insurance introduced, giving the right to free medical treatment?
1911
Who led the new liberal changes?
David Llyod George
Churchill
Asquith
What was the overall impact of national efficiency?
Addressing internal shortcomings
What did a 1900 statistic show about the height of men?
56% were less than 5’6
In what statistic were 56% were less than 5’6?
1900
In an 1800 statistic, what percentage of men were under 5’6?
10%
What type of candidates were rejected by the working class in the 1900 general election?
Pro-war candidates
