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HLSC 220 > Anti-imflamatory drugs > Flashcards

Anti-imflamatory drugs Flashcards

1
Q

What therputic sites of action does Acetaminophen not have?

A

No peripheral therapeutic sites of action

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2
Q

ASA (Aspirin) – Adverse Effects?

A

*Influenza and chickenpox in kids/teens due to possibility of Reye’s syndrome

Vomiting
Liver damage
CNS problems (encephalopathy)
Confusion, seizures, coma

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3
Q

What kind of drug is allopurinol? What does it inhibit? What is its use?

A

-NSAIDs: Antigout Agents
-Xanthine oxidase inhibitor
Prophylactic use

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4
Q

Acetaminophen Label Warnings

A

DO NOT USE with other drugs containing acetaminophen

Liver warning This product contains acetaminophen. Severe or possibly fatal liver damage may occur if you take:
more than the recommended dose in 24 hours
with other drugs containing acetaminophen
while drinking three (3) or more alcoholic drinks every day (for adult use products only)

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5
Q

NSAIDs - Salicylate Toxicity interactions in adults and children?

A

Adults
tinnitus and hearing loss
Children
Hyperventilation (CNS stimulation)

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6
Q

What are Selective COX-2 Inhibitors? What are they responsible for?

A

NSAIDs: Selective COX-2 Inhibitors

Responsible for inflammatory mediators

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7
Q

What are DMARDs? How do they work?

A

-Disease Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs

-slow onset of action up to several weeks
-slow progression of disease

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8
Q

What should clients on NSAIDs - as an Antipyretic watch out for? what syndrome is crutual to watch for? Who should never receive it?

A

-Clients should watch closely for the occurrence of any unusual bleeding, such as in stool dark or black color, tarry

Reye’s syndrome - ABSOLUTELY CRITICAL

dark or black color, tarry

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9
Q

Tissue injury causes the release of?

A

Prostaglandins

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10
Q

What can an overdose of acetaminophen lead to?

A

hepatic necrosis (drug-induced hepatitis)

Long-term ingestion of large doses also causes nephropathy

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11
Q

What is the Recommended antidote for an acetaminophen overdose? How does it work?
Max protection time frame?

A

Acetylcysteine (Mucomyst)

mucolytic used usually to decreased viscosity of bronchial secretion
Protects liver from acetaminophen-induced damage

max protection within 8-10 hours (IV or PO)
give even in late presentation @24h

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12
Q

What is celecoxib (Celebrex)? What is it responsible for? What does it have a lower risk for?

A

-Selective COX-2 Inhibitor
-Responsible for inflammatory mediators
-Just as effective as traditional NSAIDs in suppressing inflammation and pain
-Perhaps lower risk for GI adverse effects

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13
Q

What is misoprostol? What is it used for? What is it used in combination to reduce?

A

NSAIDs
-Used to reduce gastric (GI) ulceration
synthetic prostaglandin
used in combination with NSAIDs to reduce ulceration

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14
Q

Max amount of acetaminophen a day?

A

Maximum 4000 mg per day for adult
2400 mg for 11-12 years

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15
Q

ASA (Aspirin) - Interactions/ what do we need to watch out for?

A

Increased bleeding with anticoagulants
Glucocorticoids
gastric ulcers

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16
Q

NSAIDs: Indications of use/ What are they used to treat?

A

*Used for Relief of mild to moderate pain

Osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis and juvenile rheumatoid arthritis
Acute gout (a form of arthritis)
Various bone, joint, and muscle pain
Dysmenorrhea
Fever
Many other conditions

17
Q

NSAID Adverse Effects?

A

Gastrointestinal ulceration
Blockade of platelet aggregation (*)
bleeding problems

18
Q

Acetaminophen should not be taken in the presence of?

A

liver dysfunction, chronic alcoholism
possible liver failure or severe renal disease
when taking other hepatotoxic drugs

19
Q

Contradictions of use for acetaminophen?

A

severe hepatic disease
severe renal disease
alcoholism
drug allergy
Acetaminophen: Toxicity

20
Q

What do Non-ASA NSAIDs
reduce? What do we not combine them with?

A

-reduce antiplatelet effects of ASA
-do not mix NSAIDs if ASA used for antiplatelet effect

21
Q

What does celecoxib (Celebrex) have a higher risk for? What is it?What can it imair?

A

-Selective COX-2 Inhibitor
-Can impair renal function and cause hypertension and edema
-Increased risk of MI and stroke

22
Q

What do Non-Selective NSAIDs inhibit?

A

inhibit COX-1 and COX-2

23
Q

What is Standard NSAID against which all others are compared?

A

Acetylsalicylic acid (ASA, Aspirin)

24
Q

What is Methotrexate? How it is used?

A

It is the most common DMARDs

alone or in combination with other drugs
also used as cancer chemotherapy (in larger doses)

25
Q

What is Rheumatoid Arthritis? What are the intended uses for the medications?

A

-Systemic disease across the lifespan
-Autoimmune and inflammatory disorder

Drugs intended to suppress inflammation
NSAIDs
symptomatic relief only

26
Q

What is COX?

A

COX is the enzyme that converts arachidonic acid into prostanoids (

27
Q

Before beginning NSAIDs - as an Antipyretic what conditions might be contradictions to using this as actherapy option?

A

Before beginning therapy, assess for conditions that may be contraindications to therapy, especially:
GI lesions or peptic ulcer disease
Bleeding disorders

28
Q

Analgesic and antipyretic– where and how? (ASA)

A

Analgesic:
At the site of damage, local effect & some at CNS to help w/ pain
Antipyretic:
Help with heat

29
Q

What are Non-ASA NSAIDs? What don’t they protect against?What do they inhibit? How is this different from ASA’s?

A

-ASA-like drugs with fewer GI, renal, and hemorrhagic effects than ASA

Inhibit COX-1 and COX-2: Inhibition is reversible (unlike with ASA)

Do not protect against MI and stroke

30
Q

NSAIDs: Mechanism of Action?

A

locking either or both cyclooxygenase (COX-1,COX-2)

31
Q

Acetylsalicylic acid (ASA, Aspirin)
Anti-inflammatory – where and how?

A

Interacts with the prostaglandins
Redness and swelling

32
Q

allopurinol and colchicine – what kind of medication are they? What are they used for?

A

-Anti gout medication

allopurinol – to prevent attacks
reduces production of uric acid

colchicine – used for acute attacks
reduces inflammatory response to the deposits of urate crystals

33
Q

Example of NSAIDs?

A

acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) – Aspirin

ibuprofen (Motrin, Advil)

34
Q

What does Acetaminophen inhibit?

A

Inhibits COX
but only a COX present in CNS

35
Q

How is ASA is different to other NSAIDs? What do all other NSAIDS do?

A

Irreversibly inhibits COX
All other NSAIDs reversibly inhibit COX

HLSC 220 (18 decks)

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