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SB_Medication Side Effects (Pediatrics Royal College 2018) > Anti-epileptic Drugs > Flashcards

Anti-epileptic Drugs Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the SE of acetazolamide?

A 
Nuisance: 
1. dizziness
2. polyuria
3. electrolyte imbalance
Serious: SJS
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2
Q

What are the SE of benzodiazepines?

A 
Nuisance: 
1. dose-related neurotoxicity (drowsiness, sedation, ataxia)
2. hyperactivity
3. drooling
4. increased secretions
Serious: apnea
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3
Q

What are the SE of bromide?

A

Nuisance:
1. irritability
2. spurious hyperchloremia (falsely high chloride owing to bromide)
Serious:
1. psychosis
2. rash
3. toxicity developing slowly owing to the very long half-life

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4
Q

What are the SE of carbamazepine?

A 
Nuisance: 
1. tics
2. transient leukopenia
3. hyponatremia
4. weight gain
5. nausea
6. dizziness
Serious: 
1. SJS
2. agranulocytosis
3. aplastic anemia
4. liver toxicity
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5
Q

What are the SE ezogabine?

A 
Nuisance: 
1. dizziness
2. somnolence tremor
3. abnormal coordination
4. disturbance in attention
5. memory impairment
6. blurred vision
7. gait disturbance
8. dysarthria
Serious: 
1. blue discoloration of the skin and retinal pigmentation that requires close ophthalmologic monitoring in follow up
2. urinary retention
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6
Q

What are the SE of felbamate?

A 
Nuisance: 
1. anorexia
2. vomiting
3. insomnia
4. hyperactivity
5. dizziness
Serious: 
1. major risks for liver and hematologic toxicity requiring close monitoring (1 in 500 in children >2 yr with complex neurological disorders)
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7
Q

What are the SE of gabapentin?

A 
In children:
1. Acute onset of aggression
2. hyperactivity
In adults: 
1. euphoria and behavioral disinhibition
2. weight gain
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8
Q

What are the SE of lacosamide?

A 
Nuisance: 
1. diplopia
2. headache
3. dizziness
4. nausea
Serious: 
1. possibly cardiac arrhythmias (if predisposed)
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9
Q

What are the SE of lamotrigine?

A

Nuisance: CNS side effects: headache, ataxia, dizziness, tremor, but usually less than other AEDs
Serious: Stevens-Johnson syndrome, rarely liver toxicity

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10
Q

What are the SE of levetiracetam?

A

CNS adverse events: somnolence, asthenia, dizziness, but usually less than other AEDs
In children: behavioral symptoms are common
In adults: depressive mood

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11
Q

What are the SE of oxcarbazepine?

A
  1. Somnolence
  2. headache
  3. dizziness
  4. nausea
  5. apathy
  6. rash
  7. hypertrichosis
  8. gingival hypertrophy
  9. hyponatremia
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12
Q

What are the SE of perampanel?

A
  1. dizziness
  2. somnolence
  3. fatigue
  4. irritability
  5. falls
  6. nausea
  7. weight gain
  8. vertigo
  9. ataxia
  10. gait disturbance
  11. balance disorder
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13
Q

What are the SE of phenobarbital and other barbiturates?

A 
Nuisance: 
1. neurotoxicity
2. insomnia
3. hyperactivity
4. signs of distractibility
5. fluctuation of mood
6. aggressive outbursts
Serious: 
1. liver toxicity
2. SJS
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14
Q

What are the SE of phenytoin and other hydantoins?

A 
Nuisance: 
1. gingival hyperplasia
2. coarsening of the facies
3. hirsutism
4. cerebellovestibular symptoms (nystagmus and ataxia)
Serious: 
1. SJS
2. liver toxicity
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15
Q

What are the SE of pregabalin?

A 
Nuisance: 
1. dizziness
2. peripheral edema
4. blurred vision
5. weight gain
6. thrombocytopenia
Serious: 
1. hypersensitivity reactions
2. rhabdomyolysis
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16
Q

What are the SE of primidone?

A 
Nuisance: 
1. CNS toxicity (dizziness, slurred speech, giddiness, drowsiness, depression)
Serious: 
1. liver toxicity
2. SJS
17
Q

What are the SE of rufinamide?

A

Nuisance:
1. somnolence
2. vomiting
Serious: contraindicated in familial short QT interval

18
Q

What are the SE of succinimides?

A 
Nuisance: 
1. nausea
2. abdominal discomfort
3. anorexia
4. hiccups
Serious: 
1. SJS
2. drug-induced lupus
19
Q

What are the SE of tiagabine?

A 
Nuisance: 
1. dizziness
2. somnolence
3. asthenia
4. headache
5. tremor
6. precipitation of absence or myoclonic seizures
Serious: 
1. precipitation of nonconvulsive status epilepticus
20
Q

What are the SE of topiramate?

A 
Nuisance: 
1. cognitive dysfunction
2. weight loss
3. renal calculi
4. hypohidrosis
5. fever
Serious: precipitation of glaucoma
21
Q

What are the SE of valproic acid?

A 
Nuisance: 
1. weight gain
2. hyperammonemia tremor
3. alopecia
4. menstrual irregularities
Serious: hepatic and pancreatic toxicity
22
Q

What are the SE of vigabatrin?

A

Nuisance: hyperactivity
Serious:
1. irreversible visual field deficits
2. retinopathy that requires frequent ophthalmologic evaluations and follow up

23
Q

What are the SE of zonisamide?

A
  1. Fatigue
  2. dizziness
  3. anorexia
  4. psychomotor slowing
  5. ataxia
  6. rarely hallucinations
  7. hypohidrosis
  8. fever

SB_Medication Side Effects (Pediatrics Royal College 2018) (2 decks)

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